{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:52:30Z","timestamp":1761709950017,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the volumetric stability around immediate implants, in which a 360-degree socket-shield was retained using the CastleWall Surgical Technique (CWST). Material and methods: This retrospective study examined the results of the CWST used for 25 consecutive patients, involving 31 immediate implants. Silicone impressions taken prior to extraction, and at a review appointment were converted to STL files and compared. The median follow-up time was 14.2 \u00b1 5.5 months. Volumetric changes and gingival recession on both buccal and lingual sites were measured. Papillary height changes were also evaluated from available photographs taken before and after treatment. Patients in the study completed a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for evaluation of post-operative discomfort and overall satisfaction with this procedure. Results: All implants integrated successfully without complications. Mean loss of buccal and lingual tissue was 0.30 \u00b1 0.32 mm and 0.17 \u00b1 0.27 mm, respectively. Mean recession at the mid-buccal and mid-lingual gingival margin was 0.66 \u00b1 0.64 mm and 0.87 \u00b1 0.84 mm, respectively. Mean recession of the mesial and distal papilla was 0.26 \u00b1 0.55 mm and 0.29 \u00b1 0.52 mm, respectively. Patients reported 97.74 \u00b1 5.60% satisfaction with this procedure using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), with minimal post-operative discomfort. Conclusions: The results of this study showed excellent soft tissue stability and aesthetics were achieved using the CWST, with minimal postoperative pain. The other main advantage of retaining a 360-degree socket-shield, is there is more available surface area to lock the implant to the shield to prevent shield migration over time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10040062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]],"date-time":"2022-04-06T16:21:30Z","timestamp":1649262090000},"page":"62","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Novel Approach to Immediate Implants: The CastleWall Surgical Technique"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Cameron","family":"Castle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, CPD, 76 Woongarra St., Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12167","article-title":"Clinical relevance of dimensional bone and soft tissue alterations post-extraction in esthetic sites","volume":"73","author":"Chappuis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"313","article-title":"Bone healing and soft tissue contour changes following single-tooth extraction: A clinical and radiographic 12-month prospective study","volume":"23","author":"Schropp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"288","article-title":"The socket-shield technique: A step-by-step protocol after 12 years of experience","volume":"15","author":"Staehler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Esthet. Dent."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.2014suppl.g3.3","article-title":"Esthetic outcomes following immediate and early implant placement in the anterior maxilla\u2014A systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac Implant."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13012","article-title":"Socket Shield Technique for immediate implant placement\u2014Clinical, radiographic and volumetric data afer 5 years","volume":"28","author":"Zuhr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Impla. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"221","article-title":"Soft tissue managment for dental implants:what are the most effective techniques? A Cochrane systematic reivew","volume":"5","author":"Esposito","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oral Implant."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130064","article-title":"Effects of currently available surgical and restorative interventions on reducing midfacial mucosal recession of immediately placed single-tooth implants: A systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"9","article-title":"Effects of Platform-Switching on Peri-implant Soft and Hard Tissue Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Max. Implant."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01746.x","article-title":"Aesthetic outcome of single-tooth implant restorations following early implant placement and guided bone regeneration: Crown and soft tissue dimensions compared with contralateral teeth","volume":"20","author":"Cosyn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Imp. Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2012.00448.x","article-title":"Soft Tissue Preservation and Pink Aesthetics around Single Immediate Implant Restorations: A 1-Year Prospective Study","volume":"15","author":"Cosyn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12027","article-title":"Radiographic evaluation of different techniques for ridge preservation after tooth extraction: A randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"40","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01595.x","article-title":"The socket-shield technique: A proof-of-principle report","volume":"37","author":"Zuhr","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"e24","article-title":"Proximal Socket Shield for Interimplant Papilla Preservation in the Esthetic Zone","volume":"33","author":"Kan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Perio. Res. Dent."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"23","article-title":"Papilla preservation between two implants: A modified socket-shield technique to maintain the scalloped anatomy? A case report","volume":"45","author":"Cherel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Quintessence Int."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"172","article-title":"Improved volume and contour stability with thin socket-shield preparation in immediate implant placement and provisionalizatin in the esthetic zone","volume":"13","author":"Aslan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Esth. Dent."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"7","article-title":"Bundle bone preservatin with Root-T-Belt: Case Study","volume":"2","author":"Troiano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Oral. Max. Surg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2016.06.008","article-title":"Different configuration of socket-shield technique in perimplant bone preservation: An experimental study in dog mandible","volume":"208","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Anat. -Anat. Anz."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"125","article-title":"Thickness of the anterior maxillary facial bone wall-a retrospective radiographic study using cone beam computed tomography","volume":"31","author":"Braut","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.02086.x","article-title":"Dimension of the facial bone wall in the anterior maxilla: A cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"22","author":"Duarte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implant. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.12554","article-title":"A retrospective evaluation of 128 socket-shield cases in the esthetic zone and posterior sites: Partial extraction therapy with up to 4 years follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Gluckman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Implant. Dent. Relat. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"408","article-title":"Complication Management of a Socket Shield Case After 6 Years of Function","volume":"40","author":"Zuhr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Perio. Rest. Dent."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"146","article-title":"Volumetric alterations around single-tooth implants using the socket-shield technique: Preliminary results of a prospective case series","volume":"13","author":"Hinze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Esth. Dent."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.01987.x","article-title":"Volume gain and stability of per-implant tissue following bone and soft tissue agumentation: 1-ear results from a prospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Imp. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"36","article-title":"Soft and hard tissue wound healing following tooth preparation to the alveolar crest","volume":"3","author":"Carnevale","year":"1983","journal-title":"Int. J. Periodontics Restor. Dent."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Gavil\u00e1n, R.C. (2017). 3D Volumetric Changes of Tissue Contour After Immediate Implant Placement with and without Xenograft in the Horizontal Gap: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. [Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southern California\u2002ProQuest Dissertations Publishing]."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13258","article-title":"Immediate placement and provisionalization of implants in the aesthetic zone with or without a connective tissue graft: A 1-year randomized controlled trial and volumetric study","volume":"29","author":"Raghoebar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Implant."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"553","article-title":"Effect of connective tissue grafting on buccal bone changes based on cone beam computed tomography scans in the aesthetic zone of single immediate implants: A 1-year randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Zuiderveld","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Perio."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.3707","article-title":"Immediate Implant Placement in the Esthetic Zone Utilizing the \"Root-Membrane\" Technique: Clinical Results up to 5 Years Postloading","volume":"29","author":"Siormpas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implant."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.5s.498","article-title":"Bacteria as Risk Marker for Periodontitis","volume":"64","author":"Wolff","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3109\/00016355509028170","article-title":"Facial growth in man, studied with the aid of metallic implants","volume":"13","year":"1955","journal-title":"Acta. Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"212","article-title":"A decade of the socet-shield technique: A step-by-step partial extraction therapy protocol","volume":"15","author":"Gluckman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Esth. Dent."}],"container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-6767\/10\/4\/62\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:49:01Z","timestamp":1760136541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-6767\/10\/4\/62"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["dj10040062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dj10040062","relation":{},"ISSN":["2304-6767"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2304-6767"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,6]]}}}