{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:22:10Z","timestamp":1760149330531,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel; CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: This study evaluates the effects of different toothpastes on the nanohardness and chemical compositions of restorative materials and dental surfaces. Methods: Bovine enamel (n = 72) and dentin (n = 72) blocks were obtained and restored using RMGIC (n = 36) or CR (n = 36) to create the following surfaces: dentin adjacent to RMGIC (DRMGIC), enamel adjacent to RMGIC (ERMGIC), dentin adjacent to CR (DCR), and enamel adjacent to CR (ECR). After restoration, one hemiface of each specimen was coated with an acid-resistant varnish to facilitate the creation of control (C) and eroded (E) sides; the latter were achieved by erosion\u2013abrasion cycles as follows: erosion with 1% citric acid: 5 days, four times for 2 min each day; 1% citric acid\/abrasion, two times for 15 s, followed by immersion in a toothpaste slurry for 2 min. Toothpastes without fluoride (WF; n = 12), with sodium fluoride (NaF; n = 12), and with stannous fluoride (SnF2; n = 12) were used for RMGIC or CR. The specimens were analyzed for nanohardness (H), and chemical composition using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey\u2019s test (\u03b1 = 0.05). Results: Lower H values were obtained with NaF for DRMGIC-C, with a statistically significant difference from the H value obtained with WF (p &lt; 0.05). The calcium and phosphorus concentrations in DCR-E were significantly lower with WF than with the other types of toothpaste (p &lt; 0.05). Fluoride-containing toothpastes are capable of preserving the main chemical components of the dentin adjacent to the restorative materials under erosive\u2013abrasive conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11070173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,18]],"date-time":"2023-07-18T01:35:16Z","timestamp":1689644116000},"page":"173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Different Toothpastes on the Nanomechanical Properties and Chemical Composition of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Composite Resin Restorations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mariana Dias","family":"Moda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Ara\u00e7atuba School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Henrique","family":"Dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute\u2014Restorative Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nubia Inocencya Pavesi","family":"Pini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Ara\u00e7atuba School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Negri","family":"Furini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis 88040-900, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Luiz Fraga","family":"Briso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Ara\u00e7atuba School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Assmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Paran\u00e1, Palotina 85950-000, PR, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3418-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ticiane Cestari","family":"Fagundes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Ara\u00e7atuba School of Dentistry, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Ara\u00e7atuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2017.09.011","article-title":"Dental erosion in archaeological human remains: A critical review of literature and proposal of a differential diagnosis protocol","volume":"84","author":"Coupal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. 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