{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T23:58:13Z","timestamp":1793923093910,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2013Brasil (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to validate a minimally invasive surgical procedure to harvest palate periosteum as a source of tissue for mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells. We performed a standardized procedure to harvest the palate periosteum in ten subjects, which consisted of a 3 mm disposable punch and a Molt periosteal elevator to harvest a small full-thickness fragment of soft tissue at the hard palate area, between the upper bicuspids, 3 to 4 mm apical to the cement enamel junction. The one-third inner portion was fragmented, and following standard cell culture procedures, the adherent cells were cultured for three passages, after obtaining 70\u201390% confluence. Cell morphology analysis, flow cytometry analysis, and viability and osteogenic differentiation assays were performed. In all 10 cases, uneventful healing was observed, with no need for analgesic intake. The evaluation of cell morphology showed elongated spindle-shaped cells distributed in woven patterns. A high viability range was verified as well as an immunophenotype compatible with mesenchymal stem cell lineage. The differentiation assay showed the potential of the cells to differentiate into the osteogenic lineage. These results demonstrate that the minimally invasive proposed surgical technique is capable of supplying enough periosteum source tissue for stem cell culture and bone tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12060172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T10:05:50Z","timestamp":1717581950000},"page":"172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedure to Harvest Palate Periosteum as a Source of Mesenchymal Stromal\/Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7935-1062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Pelegrine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Gonzalo Montero","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Carlos","family":"Aloise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro Grandini","family":"Zeferino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Guassi","family":"Mannina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul","family":"Canal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANADEM, Bras\u00edlia 70322-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2413-345X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Navarro","family":"da Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, R-Crio Criogenia S.A., Campinas 13098-324, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara Cristina Lopes","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, R-Crio Criogenia S.A., Campinas 13098-324, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4991-1185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth Ferreira","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculdade S\u00e3o Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0844-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lexie Shannon","family":"Holliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5355-255X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto Dalto","family":"Fanganiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Engineering, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ricardo Muniz","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, R-Crio Criogenia S.A., Campinas 13098-324, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3727\/096368910X","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"20","author":"Ding","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Transpl."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13625","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.240309797","article-title":"Postnatal human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in vivo","volume":"97","author":"Gronthos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. 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