{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:43:44Z","timestamp":1790156624044,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]],"date-time":"2024-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effectiveness of highly concentrated fluoride products and remineralizing products (F-APC) in preventing erosive dental lesions in competitive swimming patients. A total of 48 teeth were extracted, preserved in saline solution and divided into three groups. In G1 (control group), each tooth was half-immersed in chlorinated pool water; in G2 (fluoride-treated group), after being totally immersed in chlorinated water, each tooth had half of its surface treated with a highly concentrated fluoride product once a week; in G3 (remineralization product-treated group), each tooth was totally immersed in chlorinated water and half of its surface was treated with a remineralizing product after each immersion. The study was conducted over a 4-week period, immersing the teeth for 4 h per day. In G1, statistically significant differences were observed in submerged versus non-submerged tooth surfaces at week 3 (T3) (p = 0.019) and week 4 (T4) (p = 0.0007), with four and eight surfaces showing erosive tooth wear (ETW), respectively. In G2, a difference was observed between fluoride-treated and non-fluoride-treated surfaces at T4 (p = 0.039), with three surfaces with ETW among the non-treated ones. In G3, the difference was observed between portions treated with F-APC and those not treated at T4 (p = 0.019), with four surfaces with ETW among the untreated ones. Chlorinated pool water is a potential erosive agent for teeth if water pH values reach a critical value. Treating the teeth surface with highly concentrated fluoride products, once a week for 5 min, and F-APC are effective in protecting teeth against tooth erosion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12090289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T02:30:23Z","timestamp":1726108223000},"page":"289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dental Erosion in Competitive Swimmers and Preventive Treatments: An In Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Favero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Nicetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Dorigotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4411-3333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Tosco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology (DISCO), Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-012-0720-6","article-title":"Prevalence of dental erosion in adolescent competitive swimmers exposed to gas-chlorinated swimming pool water","volume":"17","author":"Kaczmarek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. 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