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These biological mechanisms are involved in various oral health conditions prevalent in the elderly, including periodontal disease, oral cancer, xerostomia, dental caries, and temporomandibular joint disorders. Exosomes generated by mesenchymal stem cells possess substantial therapeutic potential. These exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles derived from cells and are involved in essential intercellular communication and tissue homeostasis. The exosome-based therapies proved superior to traditional cell-based approaches, due to lower immunogenicity, ease of storage, and avoidance of complications associated with cell transplantation. Furthermore, the diagnostic potential of exosomes as non-invasive biomarkers for aging processes and age-related oral diseases offers insights into disease diagnosis, staging, and monitoring. Among the challenges and future perspectives of translating exosome research from preclinical studies to clinical applications is the need for standardized procedures to fully harness the therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities of exosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj13030106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T02:48:37Z","timestamp":1740710917000},"page":"106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Age-Related Oral and Para-Oral Tissue Disorders: The Evolving Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of Exosomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7148-2471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Khaled Mohamed","family":"Maria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esraa Mohamed","family":"Abdel Moniem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Dental Science, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9555-6029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Khaled","family":"Hanafy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina B. 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