{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T00:50:25Z","timestamp":1782003025003,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: To evaluate the role of temporomandibular disorder (TMD)-related diagnostics in orthodontic treatment routines and investigate what consequences are drawn from symptoms concerning orthodontic treatment planning and therapy. Methods: All officially listed orthodontists in Germany were surveyed about their professional background, TMD-related specialization, and concrete clinical procedures. Anonymized responses were systematized, manually checked, and statistically analyzed. Differences in reported TMD-related procedures depending on orthodontists\u2019 professional experience and specialization were determined using Fisher\u2019s exact tests. Results: A total of 2359 questionnaires were sent out, of which 630 could be evaluated. The majority of the orthodontists surveyed stated that they perform either a brief TMD screening or a complete functional analysis. In total, 21.1% of the respondents base their examination on the patient\u2019s medical history. A second complete functional analysis is performed by 33% of the responding orthodontists during the course of orthodontic therapy, and by 56.6% only in the case of an initial pathological finding. For 60.1% of the respondents, pre-therapeutically diagnosed, non-painful temporomandibular joint clicking has an influence on orthodontic treatment planning. Only 4.3% of respondents take no further action prior to orthodontic therapy in the case of TMD symptoms. There is an indication that professional experience has no influence on the procedure, whereas a specialization in the field of TMDs does. Conclusions: A discrepancy between the current state of research and standard procedures in German orthodontic practices may lead to an overly detailed examination. However, this has no health disadvantages for the patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj13040167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:48:46Z","timestamp":1744850926000},"page":"167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Temporomandibular Disorders: Management of Diagnostics and Therapy in the Context of Orthodontic Treatment\u2014A Survey Among German Orthodontists"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Klur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Portegys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Scharf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5031-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bert","family":"Braumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3431-7749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Kruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zielinski, G., Pajak-Zielinska, B., and Ginszt, M. 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