{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T23:29:19Z","timestamp":1783207759140,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Class II malocclusion is one of the most prevalent dentoskeletal disorders, usually caused by mandibular retrusion. The Invisalign\u00ae Mandibular Advancement System is an aesthetic, comfortable alternative to conventional braces for growing patients allowing mandibular projection and dental alignment. This retrospective study assessed the effectiveness of the Invisalign\u00ae Mandibular Advancement (MA) System in growing patients with mandibular retrognathia. Methods: At treatment onset, seventeen patients were divided into the following two groups according to the aligner system used and cervical vertebral maturation stage: the Invisalign\u00ae First group (CVM2), and the Invisalign\u00ae Teen group (CVM3, some transitioning to CVM4), all treated with the Comprehensive Package. Treatment efficacy was evaluated through cephalometric analysis, occlusal classification, and three-dimensional tooth movement assessment. Cephalometric evaluations were performed pre-(T0) and post-treatment (TF). In addition, a clinical follow-up during the retention period was conducted to assess post-treatment stability. Results: Significant dentoalveolar and skeletal changes were observed in both groups. The Teen group showed greater mesial movement of the lower molars (3.57 \u00b1 1.26 mm) compared to the First group (1.34 \u00b1 0.48 mm; p &lt; 0.001). Conversely, the First group showed greater distal movement of the upper molars (2.24 \u00b1 0.64 mm) compared to the Teen group (1.35 \u00b1 0.69 mm; p = 0.002). The PAR index showed significant reductions in both groups (p &lt; 0.001), and although the Teen group achieved greater improvements, the First group demonstrated a clinically relevant reduction (23.60 vs. 19.43 points), despite two severe cases that did not achieve full Class II correction. Conclusions: Both the Invisalign\u00ae First and Comprehensive Package for teens systems improved occlusion and skeletal patterns. These findings support the MA System as an effective option for correcting Class II malocclusion during growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj13110517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T16:09:47Z","timestamp":1762358987000},"page":"517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Retrospective Evaluation of Invisalign\u00ae Mandibular Advancement in Growing Patients: Cephalometric, PAR and 3D Molar Displacement Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0012-6626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Pinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Science (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Clemente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Science (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas de","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UNIPRO\u2014Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Science (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7950-0053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria dos Prazeres","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Laboratory I4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS\u2014CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"},{"name":"UCIBIO\u2014Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Translational Toxicology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Health Sciences (1H-TOXRUN, IUCS\u2014CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8\u201310 years of age","volume":"51","author":"McNamara","year":"1981","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40.e1","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.23.6.40.e1-10.onl","article-title":"Global distribution of malocclusion traits: A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Alhammadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dent. 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