{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:01:48Z","timestamp":1790352108920,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Conventional wound care often fails to address the complex pathology of diabetic wounds adequately. Research shows that hyaluronic acid and its derivatives promote tissue regeneration in the later stages of wound healing. We evaluated the efficacy of a novel topical formulation in promoting socket healing following post-extraction in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus, by combining sodium hyaluronate and six amino acids involved in collagen synthesis. Methods: A single-center, two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted in adults aged 18 and over with type 2 diabetes requiring extraction of at least one non-impacted tooth. Forty-four participants were randomized to receive either the intervention or no treatment. Primary outcomes included a modified Landry\u2019s healing index and rate of socket closure. Results: Comparative analysis showed significantly improved healing index scores in the intervention group by day 7 and day 14 compared to control, with no improvements in the rate of socket closure. Conclusions: This research provides evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of the gel formulation under study in promoting wound healing of post-extraction sites in diabetic patients undergoing tooth extraction. Further research is needed to compare its efficacy with standard treatments and adjunct therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj14020103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T13:25:49Z","timestamp":1770816349000},"page":"103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Combining Hyaluronic Acid and Amino Acids for Improved Healing of Post-Extraction Tooth Socket in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3948-0243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9253-9112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Camisassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9256-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Bezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3026-6141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ettore","family":"Cogno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Brugiafreddo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9147-302X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Nobile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department, Complife Italia S.r.l., Via Mons. Angelini 21, 27028 San Martino Siccomario, PV, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Pol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3029-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Roato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5800-0749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Mussano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8798-7834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo Giacomo","family":"Arduino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, TO, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2019.107843","article-title":"Global and Regional Diabetes Prevalence Estimates for 2019 and Projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition","volume":"157","author":"Saeedi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, Regional and Country-Level Diabetes Prevalence Estimates for 2021 and Projections for 2045","volume":"183","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators (2023). 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