{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:50:04Z","timestamp":1785408604544,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro","award":["E-26\/200.321\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.321\/2023"]}]},{"award":["E-26\/200.321\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/200.321\/2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03kk0s825","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Morphological alterations of the lingual frenulum may impair sucking, speech articulation, and tongue mobility. In such cases, frenectomy is considered the most effective therapeutic approach. High-power lasers have been increasingly adopted due to their precision and reduced surgical trauma. This study aimed to compare the effects of frenectomy performed with a cold scalpel, electric scalpel, and diode laser in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-five female rats, approximately six months old and weighing 250\u2013300 g, were randomly allocated into three experimental groups (n = 15) according to the surgical technique used. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n = 5) based on postoperative evaluation periods of 1, 3, and 7 days. After surgery, animals were euthanized at the predetermined time points, and tissue samples from the operated area were collected for histological analysis. Specimens were processed histologically, and sections were analyzed descriptively and semi-quantitatively for inflammatory response. Results: All surgical techniques produced similar inflammatory responses across the evaluated periods, with no statistically significant differences among groups. The inflammatory infiltrate was predominantly acute, characterized by the presence of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, with scarce plasma cells and no multinucleated giant cells. Although the cold scalpel group showed greater variability in macrophage response over time, the electric scalpel and diode groups exhibited more consistent inflammatory patterns. Conclusions: All evaluated techniques were biologically equivalent with respect to the initial inflammatory response, with the electric scalpel and high-power laser showing slightly greater temporal stability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj14040209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T01:12:33Z","timestamp":1775437953000},"page":"209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vivo Evaluation of Diode Laser Use in Lingual Frenectomy: A Histological and Histomorphometric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Claudia Marcia de Moraes","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Diagnosis Department, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Figueiredo de Brito","family":"Resende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Surgery Department, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Pires","family":"Abdelnur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1498-726X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose de Albuquerque","family":"Calasans-Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontics Department, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5775-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Fernando","family":"Mour\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Translational Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1971-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamil Awad","family":"Shibli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Research Division, Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, University of Guarulhos (UNG), Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade Israelita de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05653-120, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Division of Periodontology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Research Unit Periodontology and Oral Microbiology (P&OM), Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8027-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Mauro","family":"Granjeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias 20261-232, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Clinical Research Laboratory, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5759-7926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica Diuana","family":"Calasans-Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Laboratory, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi 24220-140, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23343","article-title":"What is a tongue tie? 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