{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:13:15Z","timestamp":1788545595384,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020595","name":"Damascus University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["501100020595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["501100020595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["501100020595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["501100020595"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03m098d13","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dent. J.","Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To evaluate the three-dimensional adaptation of prefabricated Bio-Root inlays fabricated from impressions of simulated immature permanent root canals using four techniques: direct intraoral scanning (A), a light-body rubber impression digitized with an intraoral scanner (B), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based design (C), and a conventional indirect technique (D). Methods: Ten standardized simulated immature roots (extracted mandibular premolars prepared to a 1.5 mm apical diameter and 10 mm length) were used in a within-specimen comparative design, with each root receiving inlays fabricated by all four techniques. After fabrication and seating of the bioceramic inlays, the void percentage around each inlay was quantified by CBCT at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds relative to the baseline empty-canal volume. Data were analyzed using the Friedman, Wilcoxon signed-rank (Bonferroni-corrected), and linear mixed-model tests (\u03b1 = 0.05). Results: Technique significantly affected void percentage (F(3,98) = 12.87, p &lt; 0.001). Pooled across all canal thirds, Technique B had the lowest median void percentage (6.00 [7.00]), followed by A (8.00 [8.75]), C (12.00 [12.50]), and D (12.00 [19.00]). Independently of technique, the median void percentage increased from the coronal (6.00) to the middle (11.00) and apical (19.00) thirds. Differences among techniques were non-significant coronally (p = 0.437) but significant in the middle (p = 0.014) and apical (p &lt; 0.001) thirds, with Technique B providing the best apical adaptation. Conclusions: The impression method significantly affected inlay adaptation. A light-body rubber impression digitized with an intraoral scanner yielded the best overall and apical fit, supporting digital workflows, particularly those using digitized physical impressions, for apexification. Adaptation deteriorated toward the apex regardless of technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj14090568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:25:56Z","timestamp":1788542756000},"page":"568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Digitized Physical Impressions Optimize Apical Adaptation of Bio-Root Inlays for Apexification: A Comparison of Four Impression Techniques"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yasser","family":"Alsayed Tolibah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0013-7968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wahid","family":"Juha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Aleppo University, Aleppo P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mhd Kheir","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Tamer","family":"Abbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, University of Kalamoon, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2014-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwan","family":"Alhaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihad","family":"Abou Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Aljabban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Bshara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus P.O. Box 3062, Syria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-9141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziad D.","family":"Baghdadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Top Smiles Pediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, 246 St. Anne\u2019s Road, Winnipeg, MB R2M 3A4, Canada"},{"name":"Butterfly Dental Group, Winnipeg, MB R3Y 1P5, Canada"},{"name":"Children\u2019s Dental Centre, 1630 Ness Ave., Winnipeg, MB R3J 3X1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.09.010","article-title":"Mineral trioxide aggregate: A comprehensive literature review\u2014Part II: Leakage and biocompatibility investigations","volume":"36","author":"Torabinejad","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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