{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:25:29Z","timestamp":1760243129878,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004843","name":"Manipal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the oral Candida carriage and morphotype differentiation of Candida species in chronic periodontitis patients, with and without diabetes mellitus. This cross sectional study included 30 subjects in the age range of 40\u201360 years, who were divided into two groups: 15 chronic periodontitis only (CP) patients, and 15 chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes (CPD). Clinical measurements included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and fasting blood sugar level (FBS). The unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected for fungal analysis. Candida carriage was analyzed by measuring colony forming units (CFU) following the culture of samples. Qualitative morphotype differentiation of Candida species from yeast to hyphal form was analyzed using Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. There was no statistically significant difference between CP and CPD groups for the periodontal parameters. However, a significantly higher Candida species CFU count was found in CPD (0.33 \u00b1 0.23) as compared to CP (0.05 \u00b1 0.04) group. This pilot study suggests that the occurrence of Candida species is higher in the saliva of chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes as compared to patients with chronic periodontitis alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj3040123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T10:45:06Z","timestamp":1446461106000},"page":"123-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Oral Candida Carriage and Morphotype Differentiation in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Diabetes in the Indian Sub-Continent"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Gomathinayagam","family":"Venkatesan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka 575001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashita","family":"Uppoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka 575001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dilip","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka 575001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kadkampally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Mangalore, Karnataka 575001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhiram","family":"Maddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics & Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine,  State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2011.03.017","article-title":"Periodontal conditions and prevalence of putative periodontopathogens and Candida spp. In insulin-dependent type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis\u2014A pilot study","volume":"56","author":"Sardi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. 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