{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T02:37:49Z","timestamp":1792118269524,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the past two decades, the synthetic style and fashion drug \u201ccrystal meth\u201d (\u201ccrystal\u201d, \u201cmeth\u201d), chemically representing the crystalline form of the methamphetamine hydrochloride, has become more and more popular in the United States, in Eastern Europe, and just recently in Central and Western Europe. \u201cMeth\u201d is cheap, easy to synthesize and to market, and has an extremely high potential for abuse and dependence. As a strong sympathomimetic, \u201cmeth\u201d has the potency to switch off hunger, fatigue and, pain while simultaneously increasing physical and mental performance. The most relevant side effects are heart and circulatory complaints, severe psychotic attacks, personality changes, and progressive neurodegeneration. Another effect is \u201cmeth mouth\u201d, defined as serious tooth and oral health damage after long-standing \u201cmeth\u201d abuse; this condition may become increasingly relevant in dentistry and oral- and maxillofacial surgery. There might be an association between general methamphetamine abuse and the development of osteonecrosis, similar to the medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). Several case reports concerning \u201cmeth\u201d patients after tooth extractions or oral surgery have presented clinical pictures similar to MRONJ. This overview summarizes the most relevant aspect concerning \u201ccrystal meth\u201d abuse and \u201cmeth mouth\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj5040029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T12:16:23Z","timestamp":1509365783000},"page":"29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Meth Mouth\u2014A Growing Epidemic in Dentistry?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pabst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, R\u00fcbenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Castillo-Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, R\u00fcbenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, R\u00fcbenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Klinghuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, R\u00fcbenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Werkmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal Armed Forces Hospital, R\u00fcbenacherstrasse 170, 56072 Koblenz, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"Methamphetamine abuse and \u201cmeth mouth\u201d in Europe","volume":"20","author":"Boyd","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. 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