{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:17:58Z","timestamp":1789075078541,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: To evaluate the profile changes following orthopedic\/orthodontic treatment with the Herbst Miniscope\u00ae appliance in subjects affected with Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion. Methods: A total of 44 patients presenting a skeletal Angle Class II malocclusion (ANB &gt; 4\u00b0) due to mandibular retrusion and a cervical maturation stage between CS2 and CS3 were included in the study. Of these 44 patients, 22 (mean age 11.9 \u00b1 1.3, HBT group) were treated using the Herbst appliance, while 22 (mean age 10.6 \u00b1 1.3, CTR group) were followed for a 12-month observational period. A cephalometric tracing was performed at the beginning of treatment (T0) and after 12 months (T1). Results: In both groups there was a significant advancement of soft tissue pogonion (HBT = 3.5 \u00b1 3.0 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 2.2 \u00b1 2.9 mm, p &lt; 0.001), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p = 0.172). On the contrary, both groups had a significant advancement of the mandibular sulcus (HBT = 3.7 \u00b1 2.8 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 1.2 \u00b1 2.2 mm, p &lt; 0.001) and a lower lip protrusion (HBT = 3.45 \u00b1 2.51 mm, p &lt; 0.001; CTR = 1.7 \u00b1 2.7 mm, p = 0.008), but in both cases the HBT group showed a statistically significant greater increase in sulcus protrusion (p = 0.002) and lower lip protrusion (p = 0.029) than controls. There were no statistically significant effects on the upper jaw. Conclusions: The Herbst appliance advanced the lower jaw soft tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj8010027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]],"date-time":"2020-03-20T07:29:07Z","timestamp":1584689347000},"page":"27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of Profile Changes in Class II Individuals Treated by Means of Herbst Miniscope Appliance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3877-1671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Martina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry \u201cScuola Medica Salernitana\u201d, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Di Stefano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro,  88100 Catanzaro CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Paolo","family":"Paduano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Camplus Humanitas University of Milan, 20090 Milano MI, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4423-471X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Aiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro,  88100 Catanzaro CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Valletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Napoli NA, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Paduano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, University \u201cMagna Graecia\u201d of Catanzaro,  88100 Catanzaro CZ, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.1985.49.6.tb01898.x","article-title":"Oral health status in the United States: Prevalence of malocclusion","volume":"49","author":"McLain","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. 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