{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T14:15:19Z","timestamp":1781100919552,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Entropy"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Early detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential to prevent stroke and other cardiac and embolic complications. We compared the diagnostic properties for AF detection of the percentage of successive RR interval differences greater than or equal to 30 ms or 3.25% of the previous RR interval (pRR30 and pRR3.25%, respectively), and asymmetric entropy descriptors of RR intervals. Previously, both pRR30 and pRR3.25% outperformed many other heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in distinguishing AF from sinus rhythm (SR) in 60 s electrocardiograms (ECGs). Methods: The 60 s segments with RR intervals were extracted from the publicly available Physionet Long-Term Atrial Fibrillation Database (84 recording, 24 h Holter ECG). There were 31,753 60 s segments of AF and 32,073 60 s segments of SR. The diagnostic properties of all parameters were analysed with receiver operator curve analysis, a confusion matrix and logistic regression. The best model with pRR30, pRR3.25% and total entropic features (H) had the largest area under the curve (AUC)\u20140.98 compared to 0.959 for pRR30\u2014and 0.972 for pRR3.25%. However, the differences in AUC between pRR30 and pRR3.25% alone and the combined model were negligible from a practical point of view. Moreover, combining pRR30 and pRR3.25% with H significantly increased the number of false-negative cases by more than threefold. Conclusions: Asymmetric entropy has some potential in differentiating AF from SR in the 60 s RR interval time series, but the addition of these parameters does not seem to make a relevant difference compared to pRR30 and especially pRR3.25%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/e26040296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]],"date-time":"2024-03-28T12:22:46Z","timestamp":1711628566000},"page":"296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["pRR30, pRR3.25% and Asymmetrical Entropy Descriptors in Atrial Fibrillation Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6054-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bartosz","family":"Biczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, 65-069 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"},{"name":"The Doctoral School of Exact and Technical Sciences, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, 65-417 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2412-0739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szymon","family":"Bu\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronic Systems, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-650 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"\u017burek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, 65-069 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0866-734X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Piskorski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, 65-069 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9052-5027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Guzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology\u2014Intensive Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Pozna\u0144, Poland"},{"name":"University Centre for Sports and Medical Studies, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-802 Pozna\u0144, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612","article-title":"2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS): The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation of the Europea","volume":"42","author":"Hindricks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. 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