{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T03:05:41Z","timestamp":1771038341402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005242","name":"University of Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UDEM-BFD-2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UDEM-BFD-2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005242","name":"University of Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UDEM-BEP1961-2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UDEM-BEP1961-2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005242","name":"Centre for Applied Pedagogy in Health Sciences at the University of Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UDEM-BFD-2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UDEM-BFD-2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005242","name":"Centre for Applied Pedagogy in Health Sciences at the University of Montr\u00e9al","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UDEM-BEP1961-2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UDEM-BEP1961-2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EJIHPE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-anaesthetists commonly administer procedural sedation worldwide, posing the risk of respiratory events that can lead to severe complications. This study aimed to evaluate whether simulation-based learning could lead to enhancements in the clinical proficiency of non-anaesthesiology residents in managing sedation and related respiratory complications. Following the evaluation of baseline clinical performance through a pre-test simulation, 34 residents were randomly allocated to either participate in an innovative simulation-based learning module (intervention group) or view a brief self-learning video (control group). After a one-month period, their clinical performance was assessed again in a post-test simulation involving respiratory arrest during procedural sedation. Two independent assessors rated each resident\u2019s performance using video recordings and a scoring tool with scores ranging from 0 to 19\/19. The two assessments were averaged for each performance, and the pre- to post-test change was calculated for each resident. While baseline clinical performance was similar, mean (SD) increase in clinical performance was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (+2.4 (1.6) points versus +0.8 (1.3) points, respectively; p = 0.002). Our simulation-based learning sedation module resulted in the enhanced management of sedation-related complications compared to baseline and minimal self-learning. Simulation-based medical education may offer an effective approach for equipping non-anaesthesiology residents with essential skills to mitigate risks associated with sedation. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02722226).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ejihpe14030031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T07:33:56Z","timestamp":1708673636000},"page":"463-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mastering Sedation and Associated Respiratory Events through Simulation-Based Training: A Randomised Controlled Trial Involving Non-Anaesthesiology Residents"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1715-6648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-No\u00ebl","family":"Evain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tran","family":"Do","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hakim","family":"Harkouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Drolet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Perron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Georgescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Robitaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6123-0956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Issam","family":"Tanoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Simulation Centre, Centre d\u2019Apprentissage des Attitudes et Habilet\u00e9s Cliniques (CAAHC), Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900, Boulevard \u00c9douard-Montpetit, 8e \u00e9tage, Local N-805, Montr\u00e9al, QC H3T 1J4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2022.02.006","article-title":"Developments in procedural sedation for adults","volume":"22","author":"Sneyd","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJA Educ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000608","article-title":"Do we really need an anesthesiologist for routine colonoscopy in American Society of Anesthesiologist 1 and 2 patients?","volume":"31","author":"Sappenfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. 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