{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T22:36:36Z","timestamp":1773268596319,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"LZP FLPP","award":["lzp-2020\/1-0047"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["lzp-2020\/1-0047"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Climate change, as well as the challenges that come with it, is one of the main issues in international and national politics today. Addressing the threats posed by climate change requires close cooperation at the international level and within each country, creating a dialogue between the political elite and society, thus promoting a common understanding and action across the European Union (EU). The aim of this research is to (1) identify what climate policy narratives are projected to the Latvian electorate (public) and (2) assess how these narratives are aligned with the EU-defined strategic climate policy narrative. The theoretical basis and methodological approach of the study is based on the concept of strategic narrative. It is assumed that the viability and impact of a strategic narrative is enhanced when there is coherence between all stages of the narrative life cycle (i.e., the EU level and the national policy level). The empirical basis of the study is based on the identification of the EU climate policy narrative in the sector\u2019s regulatory documents, as well as an analysis of the election programmes of Latvian political parties (the last European Parliament (2019) and parliamentary (2018) election programmes). The results show that the narrative that the Latvian public receives from its political elite through the European Parliament and the national pre-election programmes is significantly different from the EU strategic narrative on climate policy. Based on the theoretical concept of strategic narrative, it can be concluded that the observed dissimilarity of narratives does not stimulate the inclusion of the Latvian public in the common EU space of climate policy understanding and action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en15093049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T05:07:22Z","timestamp":1650604042000},"page":"3049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Reflection of the EU Climate Policy Strategic Narrative in the Programmes of Latvian Political Parties\u2014External Convergence and Influence on Shaping Public Opinion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lelde","family":"Metla-Rozent\u0101le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of European Studies, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7819-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineta","family":"Kleinberga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of European Studies, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristi\u0101na","family":"\u017dauner\u010dika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of European Studies, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andris","family":"Spr\u016bds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of European Studies, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe (2022, February 17). Conference on Security and Co-Operation in Europe Final Act. Available online: https:\/\/www.osce.org\/files\/f\/documents\/5\/c\/39501.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Zillman, J. (2022, February 17). A History of Climate Activities. World Meteorological Organization. Available online: https:\/\/public.wmo.int\/en\/bulletin\/history-climate-activities."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"EUR-Lex (2022, February 17). Paris Agreement. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:22016A1019(01)&from=LV."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"EIB.org (2022, February 17). 2020\u20132021 EIB Climate Survey. The Climate Crisis in a COVID-19 World: Calls for a Green Recovery. Available online: https:\/\/www.eib.org\/attachments\/thematic\/the_eib_climate_survey_2020_2021_en.pdf."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Royalty Vectors (2022, March 31). Map of Europe with Highlighted Latvia Vector Image on VectorStock. VectorStock. Available online: https:\/\/www.vectorstock.com\/royalty-free-vector\/map-of-europe-with-highlighted-latvia-vector-18695355."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"LIKUMI.LV (2022, March 31). Latvijas Republikas Satversme. Available online: https:\/\/likumi.lv\/doc.php?id=57980."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"En.wikipedia.org (2022, March 31). Latvia\u2014Wikipedia. Available online: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Latvia."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2022, March 31). An Official Website of the European Union. European Union_Latvia. Available online: https:\/\/european-union.europa.eu\/principles-countries-history\/country-profiles\/latvia_en."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2019.02.065","article-title":"When climate change is missing: Media discourse on coal mining in the Czech Republic","volume":"129","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erss.2019.101316","article-title":"What\u2019s next for the European coal heartland? Exploring the future of coal as presented in German, Polish and Czech press","volume":"61","author":"Kemmerzell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Res. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"8","article-title":"Global, Not Yet Local: Media Coverage of Climate Change and Environment Related Challenges in Latvia","volume":"93","author":"Kleinberga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inf. Media"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/23251042.2020.1866281","article-title":"Topic modelling the news media representation of climate change","volume":"7","author":"Rabitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sociol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1080\/17524032.2017.1394890","article-title":"Climate Change in the Media: Poland\u2019s Exceptionalism","volume":"13","author":"Kundzewicz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Commun."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2019.111063","article-title":"Constructing low-carbon futures? Competing storylines in the Estonian energy sector\u2019s translation of EU energy goals","volume":"135","author":"Holmgren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gryz, J., and Kaczmarczyk, B. (2021). Toward Low-Carbon European Union Society: Young Poles\u2019 Perception of Climate Neutrality. Energies, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/en14165107"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1080\/09644016.2015.1023575","article-title":"Attitudes towards the environment: Are post-Communist societies (still) different?","volume":"24","author":"Chaisty","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Politics"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/09644016.2015.1090371","article-title":"Political ideology and views about climate change in the European Union","volume":"25","author":"McCright","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Politics"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-8525.2011.01198.x","article-title":"The Politicization of Climate Change and Polarization in the American Public\u2019s Views of Global Warming, 2001\u20132010","volume":"52","author":"McCright","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sociol. Q."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Stokes, B., Wilke, R., and Carle, J. (2022, March 31). Global Concern about Climate Change, Broad Support for Limiting Emissions. Pew Research Center\u2019s Global Attitudes Project. Available online: https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/global\/2015\/11\/05\/global-concern-about-climate-change-broad-support-for-limiting-emissions\/."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/01629770903086244","article-title":"Green, Black and Brown: Uncovering Latvia\u2019s Environmental Politics","volume":"40","author":"Galbreath","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Balt. Stud."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1080\/09644016.2012.671579","article-title":"The curious case of the Latvian Greens","volume":"21","author":"Auers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Politics"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Climate Nexus (2022, February 17). Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC). Available online: https:\/\/climatenexus.org\/climate-change-news\/common-but-differentiated-responsibilities-and-respective-capabilities-cbdr-rc\/."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Unfccc.int (2022, February 17). United Nations Framework Convention On Climate Change. Available online: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/files\/essential_background\/background_publications_htmlpdf\/application\/pdf\/conveng.pdf."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Unfccc.int (2022, February 17). Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Available online: https:\/\/unfccc.int\/resource\/docs\/convkp\/kpeng.pdf."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, Y., Tanaka, K., and Matsuoka, S. (2020). Environmental and economic effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236299"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Circular Ecology (2022, February 17). The Kyoto Protocol: Climate Change Success or Global Warming Failure?\u2014Circular Ecology. Available online: https:\/\/circularecology.com\/news\/the-kyoto-protocol-climate-change-success-or-global-warming-failure."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"EUR\u2014Lex (2022, February 17). Paris Agreement\u2014UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/content\/paris-agreement\/paris-agreement.html?locale=en."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"EUR\u2014Lex (2022, February 17). Communication From the Commission to The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic and Social Committee, The Committee of The Regions and The European Investment Bank A Framework Strategy for a Resilient Energy Union with a Forward-Looking Climate Change Policy \/* COM\/2015\/080 Final *\/. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=COM:2015:80:FIN."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"EUR\u2014Lex (2022, February 17). Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes Regula (ES) 2018\/1999 par ener\u0123\u0113tikas savien\u012bbas un r\u012bc\u012bbas klimata politikas jom\u0101 p\u0101rvald\u012bbu. Available online: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/LV\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32018R1999&from=pl."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"EUI Florence School of Regulation (2022, February 17). The Clean Energy for All Europeans Package. What Is the Clean Energy for all Europeans Package (Also Called the Clean Energy Package)? And Which Regulatory Framework Came before It?. Available online: https:\/\/fsr.eui.eu\/the-clean-energy-for-all-europeans-package\/."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Eiropas Komisija\u2014European Commission (2022, February 17). Eiropas Za\u013cais Kurss. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/strategy\/priorities-2019-2024\/european-green-deal_lv."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Climate Action (2022, February 17). Eiropas Klimata Akts. Available online: https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/clima\/eu-action\/european-green-deal\/european-climate-law_lv."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Sidley Austin LLP (2022, February 17). The EU Adopts Ambitious Climate Law\u2014A Prelude to a Wave of Green Regulations. Available online: https:\/\/www.sidley.com\/en\/insights\/newsupdates\/2021\/07\/the-eu-adopts-ambitious-climate-law-a-prelude-to-a-wave-of-green-regulations."},{"key":"ref_34","unstructured":"European Council (2022, February 17). Fit for 55. Available online: https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/green-deal\/eu-plan-for-a-green-transition\/."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/09662839.2019.1648251","article-title":"Understanding EU crisis diplomacy in the European neighbourhood: Strategic narratives and perceptions of the EU in Ukraine, Israel and Palestine","volume":"28","author":"Chaban","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Secur."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miskimmon, A., O\u2019Loughlin, B., and Roselle, L. (2014). Strategic Narratives: Communication Power and the New World Order (Routledge Studies in Global Information, Politics and Society), Taylor and Francis.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315871264"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Greenland, B. (2022, March 31). Mapping the Formation and Projection of French and EU Strategic Narratives about Global Energy Governance. Theses\/Dissertations. Available online: https:\/\/ir.canterbury.ac.nz\/handle\/10092\/17849."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University (2022, March 31). 2021\u20132023. From Indifference to Making Difference in Climate Policy: Improving the Interaction between Political Narrative and Societal Perceptions in Latvia (lzp-2020\/1-0047). Available online: https:\/\/science.rsu.lv\/en\/projects\/from-indifference-to-making-difference-in-climate-policy-improvin."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Central Election Commision of Latvia (2022, February 17). Elections to the European Parliament 2019. Party Lists and Programs in the Elections to the European Parliament. Available online: https:\/\/epv2019.cvk.lv\/pub\/en\/candidate-lists."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Central Election Commision of Latvia (2022, February 17). 13th Saeima Elections. Party Lists and Programs in the Elections to 13th Saeima. Available online: https:\/\/sv2018.cvk.lv\/pub\/CandidateLists."}],"container-title":["Energies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/15\/9\/3049\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:58:17Z","timestamp":1760137097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/15\/9\/3049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["en15093049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en15093049","relation":{},"ISSN":["1996-1073"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1996-1073","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]}}}