{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:29:47Z","timestamp":1780579787562,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research Development Program of China","award":["2021YFC3100700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3100700"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research Development Program of China","award":["30922010408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30922010408"]}]},{"name":"the National Key Research Development Program of China","award":["288214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288214"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2021YFC3100700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3100700"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["30922010408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30922010408"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["288214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288214"]}]},{"name":"the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["2021YFC3100700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3100700"]}]},{"name":"the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["30922010408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30922010408"]}]},{"name":"the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province","award":["288214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A simplified model that calculates the deflagration pressure\u2013time curves of a hydrogen explosion was proposed. The deflagration parameters (pressure peak, duration, deflagration index, and impulse) of hydrogen\u2013air mixtures with different hydrogen concentrations were experimentally investigated. The results show that the pressure curves calculated by the model are consistent with experimental data pertaining to a methane and hydrogen explosion. By comparison, the pressure peak and deflagration index are found to be influenced by the aspect ratio and surface area of vessels. The impulse and explosion times at fuel-lean hydrogen concentrations are greater than those at fuel-rich concentrations. When the hydrogen concentration is between 34 vol.% and 18 vol.%, the greatest explosion damage effect is formed by both the overpressure and the impulse, which should be considered for hydrogen explosion safety design in industrial production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/en15228630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T06:11:34Z","timestamp":1668751894000},"page":"8630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Explosion Characteristics of Hydrogen Explosion in a Closed Vessel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Huadao","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"},{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runze","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8248-9596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2019.02.064","article-title":"Similitude analysis and critical conditions for spontaneous ignition of hydrogen release into the atmosphere through a tube","volume":"245","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2019.10.249","article-title":"Experimental investigation on the near detonation limits of propane\/hydrogen\/oxygen mixtures in a rectangular tube","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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