{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:41:51Z","timestamp":1787028111025,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This index meta-analysis estimated the pooled prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among individuals with monkeypox (mpox) globally. We searched seven databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, and Cochrane, for human studies published in English till 4 January 2023, as per International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration protocol (CRD42022383275). A random effects regression model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence owing to high heterogeneity. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) quality assessment tool. The systematic search yielded 677 articles; finally, 32 studies were found eligible for systematic review and 29 studies for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HIV infection was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35\u201348). All studies were rated as fair or good quality. Studies from Europe and North America reported a high prevalence of HIV infection among individuals with mpox- 41% (95% CI 33\u201349) and 52% (95% CI 28\u201376), respectively, while studies from Nigeria, Africa reported a relatively low prevalence of HIV infection of 21% (95% CI 15\u201326). A history of sexual orientation and sexual partners in the last 21 days must be taken from individuals with mpox to identify the potential source and contacts for quarantining and testing them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia4030033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T10:26:43Z","timestamp":1693909603000},"page":"352-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Monkeypox Patients Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Geographic and Temporal Variations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Aravind P.","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad 500038, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2828-2375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bijaya K.","family":"Padhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9720-4629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mokanpally","family":"Sandeep","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3418-8171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Aaqib","family":"Shamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0063-0339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarun K.","family":"Suvvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada 533001, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7614-8587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prakasini","family":"Satapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh 160036, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3826-9702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelmonem","family":"Siddiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2695-8714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranjit","family":"Sah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1247-1040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarvesh","family":"Rustagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahraa H.","family":"Al-Qaim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah 51001, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9058-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jagdish","family":"Khubchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e29304","article-title":"The Emergence of Monkeypox: A Global Health Threat","volume":"14","author":"Sah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1080\/23779497.2022.2124185","article-title":"Public Health Emergency of International Concern Declared by the World Health Organization for Monkeypox","volume":"7","author":"Sah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glob. 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