{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T17:40:40Z","timestamp":1793986840354,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R15AG072348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R15AG072348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Population-level surveillance of the prevalence and trends of basic self-care limitations will help to identify the magnitude of physical disablement in the rapidly growing older American demographic. We sought to evaluate the prevalence and trends of activities of daily living (ADL) limitations in the United States. Methods: The analytic sample included 30,418 Americans aged \u226550 years from the 2006\u20132018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. ADLs were self-reported. Weighted prevalence estimates were presented, and trends analyses were performed. Results: Although overall ADL disability prevalence was 16.5% (95% confidence interval: 15.8\u201317.2) in 2018, there were no changes in limitations during the study period (p = 0.52). Older adults had a greater ADL disability prevalence than middle-aged adults (p &lt; 0.001). While older persons experienced a declining trend of ADL limitations (p &lt; 0.001), middle-aged persons had an increasing trend (p &lt; 0.001). Males had a lower ADL limitation prevalence than females (p &lt; 0.001). Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black had a higher ADL disability prevalence than non-Hispanic White (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This investigation revealed that while the estimated prevalence of ADL limitations in the United States was substantial, changes in such limitations were not observed. Our findings can help guide ADL screening, target sub-populations with an elevated ADL limitation prevalence, and inform interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia4040040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]],"date-time":"2023-11-09T10:19:27Z","timestamp":1699525167000},"page":"483-491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Prevalence and Trends of Basic Activities of Daily Living Limitations in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Halli","family":"Heimbuch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging North Dakota (HAND), North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeong","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marty","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Juhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Health, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Knoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging North Dakota (HAND), North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2555-390X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherri","family":"Stastny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Aging North Dakota (HAND), North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, Fargo, ND 58108, USA"},{"name":"Fargo VA Healthcare System, Fargo, ND 58102, USA"},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA"},{"name":"Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, August 03). 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