{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T07:17:20Z","timestamp":1793863040162,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: In recent years, non-contact room disinfection devices using ultraviolet light and hydrogen peroxide have emerged as disinfection methods. However, data on their usefulness in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental disinfection in controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreaks in a NICU\/growing care unit (GCU). Methods: Daily cleaning\/disinfection of the patient environment was changed from using a cloth containing quaternary ammonium salts to an agent containing ethanol and surfactant, and terminal cleaning with a pulsed xenon ultraviolet light (PX-UV) non-contact disinfection device was added for patients with confirmed MRSA and those on contact precautions. MRSA incidence and environmental culture results were then compared before and after the method change. Results: The MRSA infection rate was 2.81\/1000 patient days before the method change and 0.90\/1000 patient days after the change (p = 0.008). Environmental cultures were positive in 12\/137 (8.8%) before the change and 0 after the change. There were no adverse events in the neonates due to PX-UV irradiation of the environment. Conclusions: Daily cleaning and disinfection with ethanol and surfactant-containing cleaning disinfectants and a final cleaning with a PX-UV non-contact disinfection device reduced environmental MRSA contamination. In addition to adherence to hand hygiene and contact precautions, reducing MRSA present in the environment may contribute to MRSA control in NICUs and GCUs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia6010012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T04:58:17Z","timestamp":1741064297000},"page":"12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of Enhanced Environmental Cleaning\/Disinfection Using Pulsed Xenon Ultraviolet Light in Preventing Outbreaks of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Neonatal Intensive Care Units"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9789-4689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaori","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshie","family":"Tsuchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"},{"name":"School of Nursing, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe 650-8530, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Ichiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5176-9050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumiko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Technology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Technology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naruhito","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00894-y","article-title":"Systematic review on use, cost and clinical efficacy of automated decontamination devices","volume":"10","author":"Dancer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antimicrob. 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