{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:35:43Z","timestamp":1787510143407,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Esp\u00edrito Santo Research and Innovation Foundation (FAPES)","award":["18\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Congenital syphilis (CS) is an important infectious cause of miscarriage, stillbirth, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment, CS continues to challenge health systems with increasing incidence and mortality rates in recent years worldwide. Given this, the present study aims to comparatively analyze the temporal trends in CS incidence and mortality in Brazil\u2019s Southeast Region from 2008 to 2022. This is an ecological time-series study using secondary data on congenital syphilis from the states of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and S\u00e3o Paulo. The data was extracted from the Brazilian Health System Informatics Department. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 live births. Joinpoint regression models were employed to identify trends in annual percentage change and average annual percentage change with 95% confidence intervals. The temporal trend of CS incidence in Brazil\u2019s Southeast Region increased 12.8% between 2008 and 2022. Minas Gerais, S\u00e3o Paulo, Esp\u00edrito Santo, and Rio de Janeiro showed increasing temporal trends of 21.4%, 14.1%, 14.0%, and 10.9%, respectively. The temporal trend of CS mortality in Brazil\u2019s Southeast Region rose 11.9% between 2008 and 2022. Minas Gerais, S\u00e3o Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro exhibited increasing mortality temporal trends of 21.9%, 20.8%, and 10.1%, respectively. In contrast, Esp\u00edrito Santo showed reduced mortality, with no deaths in 2021 and 2022. The temporal trend of CS incidence increased in all states of Brazil\u2019s Southeast Region between 2008 and 2022, highlighting the need to reassess control measures. The temporal trend of CS mortality also increased during the same period, except in Esp\u00edrito Santo. Considering that CS is preventable with adequate prenatal care and low-cost measures, these findings can serve as instruments to support strengthening public health policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia6020022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T21:42:09Z","timestamp":1746481329000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Trends in Congenital Syphilis Incidence and Mortality in Brazil\u2019s Southeast Region: A Time-Series Analysis (2008\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0963-7116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Castelo Branco","family":"Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Design and Scientific Writing Laboratory, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3148-6870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orivaldo Florencio de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco CEP69915-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7578-2404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Betina Bolina","family":"Kersanach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9313-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia Silva Cesar","family":"Mozzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8206-150X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Lopes","family":"Feitosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6143-2753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinicius Andreata","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2689-4893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filomena Euridice Carvalho de","family":"Alencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7015-1723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norma Suely","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5655-8267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Vasconcellos Batista da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7618-2109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Carlos de","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Study Design and Scientific Writing Laboratory, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vitoria CEP29043-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo CEP01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2021.03.005","article-title":"Syphilis in Neonates and Infants","volume":"48","author":"Medoro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. 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