{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T23:20:48Z","timestamp":1770160848447,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiologia"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) incidence has been increasing rapidly in North Africa, including Morocco, yet evidence regarding modifiable lifestyle factors remains limited. This study aimed to assess the associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior, daily work habits, and BC risk among Moroccan women, addressing an important gap in regional data. Methods: We conducted a case\u2013control study between 2019 and 2023, including 1400 histologically confirmed incident BC cases and 1400 matched controls. Physical activity was assessed across the lifespan, considering type, intensity, and duration. Associations with BC risk were estimated using adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Moderate physical activity was inversely associated with BC risk, showing a clear dose\u2013response relationship. Compared with the lowest physical activity level, the highest quartile showed significantly lower odds of BC (aOR = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.29\u20130.47). Vigorous physical activity during young adulthood and mid-adulthood was similarly linked to reduced risk. Active daily habits, such as walking and regular stair climbing, were associated with lower odds, whereas frequent occupational fatigue and sweating were linked to increased risk. Conclusions: Our findings highlight a significant inverse association between physical activity and BC risk among Moroccan women. Notably, moderate PA and active daily habits like brisk walking are linked to lower odds of the disease. While these findings support the role of physical activity as an important factor associated with breast cancer prevention, the retrospective design of the study limits causal inference.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia7010022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T10:03:29Z","timestamp":1770113009000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Breast Cancer Risk Among Moroccan Women: A Multicenter Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1072-3758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siham","family":"Mrah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research of Cancer and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4111-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najoua","family":"Lamchabbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Research, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat 10112, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca 82403, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4334-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mounia","family":"Amzerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research of Cancer and Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najia","family":"Mane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dental Medicine, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez 30070, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nawfel","family":"Mellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, Fez 30050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karima","family":"Bendahou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 9154, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9856-2244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaimaa","family":"Elattabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Research, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat 10112, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca 82403, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saber","family":"Boutayeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Research, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat 10112, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat 6213, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1464-6649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lahcen","family":"Belyamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Research, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat 10112, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca 82403, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3321-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elodie","family":"Faure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CESP, Inserm U1018, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Huybrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health 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Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4639-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Khalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Research, Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation, Rabat 10112, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca 82403, Morocco"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Rabat, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Rabat 10000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2024, February 10). 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