{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T18:30:11Z","timestamp":1775413811916,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31570704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31570704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forests"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Determining plant\u2013water relationships in response to drought events can provide important information about the adaptation of trees to climate change. The Mongolian Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv), as one of the major tree species to control soil loss and desertification in northern China, has experienced severe degradation in recent decades. Here, we aimed to examine the impacts of a two-year consecutive drought and another year of drought on the radial growth, transpiration, and canopy stomatal conductance of Mongolian Scots pine over a five-year period, especially in terms of its recovery after drought. The study period during 2013\u20132017 consisted of a \u2018normal\u2019 year, a \u2018dry year\u2019, a \u2018very dry\u2019 year, a \u2018wet\u2019 year, and a \u2018dry\u2019 year, according to annual precipitation and soil moisture conditions. Based on measurements of the sap flow and diameters at breast height of 11 sample trees as well as the concurrent environmental factors, we quantified the reductions in tree radial growth, transpiration, and canopy stomatal conductance during the drought development as well as their recovery after the drought. The results showed that the tree radial growth, transpiration, and canopy stomatal conductance of Mongolian Scots pines decreased by 33.8%, 51.9%, and 51.5%, respectively, due to the two consecutive years of drought. Moreover, these reductions did not fully recover after the two-year drought was relieved. The minimum difference of these parameters between before and after the two-year consecutive drought period was 8.5% in tree radial growth, 45.1% in transpiration levels, and 42.4% in canopy stomatal conductance. We concluded that the two consecutive years of drought resulted in not only large reductions in tree radial growth and water use, but also their lagged and limited recoveries after drought. The study also highlighted the limited resilience of Mongolian Scots pine trees to prolonged drought in semi-arid sandy environmental conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/f10121143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T11:27:22Z","timestamp":1576236442000},"page":"1143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Drought-Induced Reductions and Limited Recovery in the Radial Growth, Transpiration, and Canopy Stomatal Conductance of Mongolian Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv): A Five-Year Observation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hongzhong","family":"Dang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin 0810, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sand Fixation and Afforestation of Liaoning Province, Fuxin 123000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpr022","article-title":"Tree responses to drought","volume":"31","author":"Ryan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tree Physiol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"418","article-title":"Effects of prolonged drought stress on Scots pine seedling carbon allocation","volume":"37","author":"Aaltonen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tree Physiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.4102\/sajs.v105i1\/2.35","article-title":"Drought, change and resilience in South Africa\u2019s arid and semi-arid rangelands","volume":"105","author":"Vetter","year":"2009","journal-title":"S. 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