{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:13:31Z","timestamp":1789150411438,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R &amp; D projects in Jiangxi Province","award":["20181BCD40006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20181BCD40006"]}]},{"name":"Key youth projects in Jiangxi Province","award":["20192ACB21011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20192ACB21011"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology","award":["GXKLFV003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GXKLFV003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the bioactive components, in vitro bioactivities, and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of P. frutescens leaf, which is a traditional medicine-food homology plant. P. frutescens methanol crude extract and its fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions, and aqueous phase residue) were prepared by ultrasound-enzyme assisted extraction and liquid\u2013liquid extraction. Among the samples, the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the high total phenolic (440.48 \u03bcg GAE\/mg DE) and flavonoid content (455.22 \u03bcg RE\/mg DE), the best antioxidant activity (the DPPH radical, ABTS radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power were 1.71, 1.14, 2.40, 1.29, and 2.4 times higher than that of control Vc, respectively), the most powerful \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory ability with the IC50 value of 190.03 \u03bcg\/mL which was 2.2-folds higher than control acarbose, the strongest proliferative inhibitory ability against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell with the IC50 values of 37.92 and 13.43 \u03bcg\/mL, which were considerable with control cisplatin, as well as certain inhibition abilities on acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase. HPLC analysis showed that the luteolin, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and catechin were the dominant components of the ethyl acetate fraction. Animal experiments further demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction could significantly decrease the serum glucose level, food, and water intake of streptozotocin-induced diabetic SD rats, increase the body weight, modulate their serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C, improve the histopathology and glycogen accumulation in liver and intestinal tissue. Taken together, P. frutescens leaf exhibits excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro and in vivo, and could be exploited as a source of natural antidiabetic agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10020315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T11:54:31Z","timestamp":1612353271000},"page":"315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Perilla frutescens Leaf Extract and Fractions: Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Enzymes (\u03b1-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Tyrosinase) Inhibitory, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6110-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongcai","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"National R&amp;D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kin Weng","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"},{"name":"National R&amp;D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8609213","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8609213","article-title":"Molecular Mechanisms Linking Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"2020","author":"Yaribeygi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2015.03.013","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress\u2014A concise review","volume":"24","author":"Asmat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2017.05.005","article-title":"Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species in endothelial dysfunction associated with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases","volume":"100","author":"Incalza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vasc. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205015666180925110222","article-title":"Global View on Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: Threats, Risks and Treatment Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Blanka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.10.026","article-title":"Update on Diabetic Nephropathy: Core Curriculum 2018","volume":"71","author":"Umanath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.06.004","article-title":"Antioxidants and human diseases","volume":"436","author":"Rajendran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mannino, G., Di Stefano, V., Lauria, A., Pitonzo, R., and Gentile, C. (2020). Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)-Based Dietary Supplements: Variation in Mass Uniformity, Proanthocyanidin Dosage and Anthocyanin Profile Demonstrates Quality Control Standard Needed. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12040992"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Sroka, W. (2020). Identification of the Reasons Why Individual Consumers Purchase Dietary Supplements. Perspectives on Consumer Behaviour: Theoretical Aspects and Practical Applications, Springer."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamulka, J., Jeruszka-Bielak, M., G\u00f3rnicka, M., Drywie\u0144, M.E., and Zielinska-Pukos, M.A. (2021). Dietary Supplements during COVID-19 Outbreak. Results of Google Trends Analysis Supported by PLifeCOVID-19 Online Studies. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010054"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-09-2019-0663","article-title":"Social networks feed the food supplements shadow market","volume":"122","author":"Sfodera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. Food J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-019-2890-1","article-title":"Profiling volatile and phenolic compound composition and characterization of the morphological and biological activities of Perilla frutescence Britton var. Japonica accessions","volume":"41","author":"Ghimire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068-019-00711-8","article-title":"Perilla frutescens Britton var. frutescens leaves attenuate dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis in mice and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated angiogenic processes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashimoto, M., Tanabe, Y., Hossain, S., Matsuzaki, K., Ohno, M., Kato, S., Katakura, M., and Shido, O. (2020). Intake of Alpha-Linolenic Acid-Rich Perilla frutescens Leaf Powder Dec reases Home Blood Pressure and Serum Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Japanese Adults. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25092099"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, J.E., Kim, N., Yeo, J.Y., Seo, D.G., Kim, S., Lee, J.S., Hwang, K.W., and Park, S.Y. (2019). Anti-amyloidogenic effects of asarone derivatives from Perilla frutescens leaves against beta-amyloid aggregation and nitric oxide production. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24234297"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13530","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.13530","article-title":"The influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the Perilla frutescens leaf extract: Changes in the active compounds and bioactivities","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1021\/jf404318j","article-title":"Rosmarinic acid extract for antioxidant, antiallergic, and \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory activities, isolated by supramolecular technique and solvent extraction from Perilla leaves","volume":"62","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.05.104","article-title":"Isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from the seeds of Perilla frutescens (L.) and their inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase","volume":"135","author":"Ha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.09.009","article-title":"Enzymatic biotransformation of polyphenolics increases antioxidant activity of red and white grape pomace","volume":"89","author":"Martins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-018-3170-6","article-title":"Extraction and recovery of phytochemical components and antioxidative properties in fruit parts of Dacryodes rostrata influenced by different solvents","volume":"55","author":"Thavamoney","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1039\/C8AY00661J","article-title":"Evaluation of colorimetric methods for quantification of citrus flavonoids to avoid misuse","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Methods"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2013.10.028","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of phenolics\u2013saponins rich fraction prepared from defatted kenaf seed meal","volume":"56","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"LWT Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4137908","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4137908","article-title":"Phenolic Rich Extract from Clinacanthus nutans Attenuates Hyperlipidemia-Associated Oxidative Stress in Rats","volume":"2016","author":"Sarega","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2016.06.005","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic, antioxidant activities of two Acer palmatum cultivars, and identification of phenolics profile by UPLC-QTOF-MS\/MS: New natural sources of functional constituents","volume":"89","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.05.027","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract from Meconopsis integrifolia (Maxim.) Franch","volume":"148","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5788","article-title":"Phytochemical Characterization, Antibacterial, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Properties of Cryptostephanus vansonii, an Endemic Amaryllid","volume":"31","author":"Moyo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1039\/C7FO01438D","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects of 2-hydroxy-3-methylcyclopent-2-enone isolated from ribose\u2013histidine Maillard reaction products on aldose reductase and tyrosinase","volume":"9","author":"Hwang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4926","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO00565F","article-title":"Silibinin decreases hepatic glucose production through the activation of gut\u2013brain\u2013liver axis in diabetic rats","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2018.05.017","article-title":"Characterization, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and evaluation of antioxidant activity of 73 Perilla frutescens accessions","volume":"111","author":"Assefa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.10.028","article-title":"Structural characterization of phenolic antioxidants from purple perilla (Perilla frutescens var. acuta) leaves","volume":"148","author":"Jun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13798-y","article-title":"A novel library of -arylketones as potential inhibitors of \u03b1-glucosidase: Their design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"7","author":"Luthra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e008807","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.008807","article-title":"Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Allopurinol Prevents Oxidative Stress-Mediated Atrial Remodeling in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rabbits","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2440","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms10062440","article-title":"An Updated Review of Tyrosinase Inhibitors","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1039\/C7FO00220C","article-title":"Differential \u03b1-amylase\/\u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory activities of plant-derived phenolic compounds: A virtual screening perspective for the treatment of obesity and diabetes","volume":"8","author":"Rasouli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mettupalayam Kaliyannan Sundaramoorthy, P., and Kilavan Packiam, K. (2020). In vitro enzyme inhibitory and cytotoxic studies with Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. Leaf extract: A plant from Ayurveda recognized as Dasapushpam for the management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and diabetes mellitus. BMC Complement. Med. Ther., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-020-02922-7"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, H.H., Kang, Y.-R., Lee, J.-Y., Chang, H.-B., Lee, K.W., Apostolidis, E., and Kwon, Y.-I. (2018). The Postprandial Anti-Hyperglycemic Effect of Pyridoxine and Its Derivatives Using In Vitro and In Vivo Animal Models. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10030285"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1825","article-title":"Neoplasms Reported With Liraglutide or Placebo in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the LEADER Randomized Trial","volume":"41","author":"Nauck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Dyke, A.L., Lang Kuhs, K.A., Shiels, M.S., Koshiol, J., Trabert, B., Loftfield, E., Purdue, M.P., Wentzensen, N., Pfeiffer, R.M., and Katki, H.A. (2017). Associations between self-reported diabetes and 78 circulating markers of inflammation, immunity, and metabolism among adults in the United States. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0182359"},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"1751989","article-title":"Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and Total Bile Acid Concentrations Are Potential Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"2020","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt204","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus, insulin treatment, diabetes duration, and risk of biliary tract cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in a European cohort","volume":"24","author":"Schlesinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376512","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2376512","article-title":"High Glucose with Insulin Induces Cell Cycle Progression and Activation of Oncogenic Signaling of Bladder Epithelial Cells Cotreated with Metformin and Pioglitazone","volume":"2019","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1900159","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201900159","article-title":"Radiopharmaceuticals and Fluorescein Sodium Mediated Triple-Modality Molecular Imaging Allows Precise Image-Guided Tumor Surgery","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.11.023","article-title":"Phytochemical and phytopharmacological review of Perilla frutescens L. (Labiatae), a traditional edible-medicinal herb in China","volume":"108","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.993","article-title":"Drying the leaves of Perilla frutescens increases their content of anticancer nutraceuticals","volume":"7","author":"Kagawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2013.03.003","article-title":"Anti-diabetic activity of embelin: Involvement of cellular inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and other biomarkers","volume":"20","author":"Naik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5355","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19128-7","article-title":"Shortwave-infrared meso-patterned imaging enables label-free mapping of tissue water and lipid content","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qin, Z., Wang, W., Liao, D., Wu, X., and Li, X.E. (2018). UPLC-Q\/TOF-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals Hypoglycemic Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa, Coptis chinensis and Their Combination on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes in KK-Ay Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19123984"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.04.025","article-title":"Epigenome-wide association of liver methylation patterns and complex metabolic traits in mice","volume":"21","author":"Orozco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48479","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.48479","article-title":"High fat diet induces microbiota-dependent silencing of enteroendocrine cells","volume":"8","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit364","article-title":"Suppression of PTRF alleviates the polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture in mice","volume":"208","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/2251-6581-12-40","article-title":"The action of aminoguanidine on the liver of trained diabetic rats","volume":"12","author":"Pereira","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Metab. Disord."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2007.03.016","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide sensing and signaling","volume":"26","author":"Veal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04634","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species have a causal role in multiple forms of insulin resistance","volume":"440","author":"Houstis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7591840","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7591840","article-title":"Resveratrol Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury through PI3K\/Akt-Mediated Nrf2 Signaling Pathway","volume":"2019","author":"Zhuang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."}],"container-title":["Foods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/10\/2\/315\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T05:19:36Z","timestamp":1760159976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/10\/2\/315"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["foods10020315"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods10020315","relation":{},"ISSN":["2304-8158"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2304-8158","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]}}}