{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:48:35Z","timestamp":1791395315382,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Operational Programme Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014\u20102020","award":["MIS 5049514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MIS 5049514"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The potential transcriptomic induction of resistance and\/or virulence in two L. monocytogenes strains belonging to the most frequent listeriosis-associated serovars (i.e., 1\/2a and 4b), following their sublethal antimicrobial exposure, was studied through qPCR determination of the relative expression of 10 selected related genes (i.e., groEL, hly, iap, inlA, inlB, lisK, mdrD, mdrL, prfA, and sigB). To induce sublethal stress, three common antimicrobials (i.e., benzalkonium chloride, thymol, and ampicillin) were individually applied for 2 h at 37 \u00b0C against stationary phase cells of each strain, each at a sublethal concentration. In general, the expression of most of the studied genes remained either stable or was significantly downregulated following the antimicrobial exposure, with some strain-specific differences to be yet recorded. Thymol provoked downregulation of most of the studied genes, significantly limiting the expression of 6\/10 and 4\/10 genes in the strains of ser. 1\/2a and ser. 4b, respectively, including those coding for the master regulators of stress response and virulence (SigB and PrfA, respectively), in both strains. At the same time, the two genes coding for the invasion internalin proteins (InlA and InlB), with crucial role in the onset of L. monocytogenes pathogenesis, were both importantly upregulated in ser. 4b strain. The results obtained increase our knowledge of the stress physiology of L. monocytogenes under certain sublethal antimicrobial conditions that could be encountered within the food chain and in clinical settings, and may assist in better and more effective mitigation strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10102382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T21:19:32Z","timestamp":1633900772000},"page":"2382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Investigating Transcriptomic Induction of Resistance and\/or Virulence in Listeria monocytogenes Cells Surviving Sublethal Antimicrobial Exposure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Eleni-Anna","family":"Kokkoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Andritsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"},{"name":"Athens Analysis Laboratories S.A., Microbiology Laboratory, Nafpliou 29, 14452 Metamorfosi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Sakarikou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8250-0513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Michailidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"},{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Institute of Applied Biosciences, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anagnostis","family":"Argiriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"},{"name":"Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Institute of Applied Biosciences, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6019-5204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efstathios","family":"Giaouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Ierou Lochou 10 & Makrygianni, 81400 Myrina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.afnr.2018.02.006","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes in foods","volume":"86","author":"Jordan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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