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This study was conducted to evaluate the potential health benefits of Sarcodon aspratus polysaccharides (SAFP) on water immersion and restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. The results indicated that SAFP could decrease myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and plasma corticosterone levels, as well as enhance Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Nitrate\/nitrite (NOx) concentration in rats. Furthermore, SAFP significantly attenuated the stress damage, inflammation, pathological changes and gastric mucosal lesion in rats. Moreover, high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA suggested that SAFP modulated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota by enhancing the relative abundance of probiotics, decreasing WIRS-triggered bacteria proliferation. In summary, these results provided the evidence that SAFP exerted a beneficial effect on a WIRS-induced gastric ulcer via blocking the TLR4 signaling pathway and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Notably, SAFP could modulate the WIRS-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Thus, SAFP might be explored as a natural gastric mucosal protective agent in the prevention of gastric ulcers and other related diseases in the food and pharmaceutical industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11111567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T08:50:22Z","timestamp":1653555022000},"page":"1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Protective Effect of Polysaccharide SAFP from Sarcodon aspratus on Water Immersion and Restraint Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer and Modulatory Effects on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Dongjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"},{"name":"School of Biological and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaqun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8528-0050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Cordyceps Source Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huainan 232000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianfeng","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307595","article-title":"The stomach in health and disease","volume":"64","author":"Hunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"84","article-title":"Causes of mortality in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding: A prospective cohort study of 10,428 cases","volume":"105","author":"Yung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. 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