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Prolonged excessive fluoride intake can inflict severe damage on the liver and intestines. Previous 16S rDNA sequencing revealed a decrease in ileal Bifidobacterium abundance during fluoride-induced hepatointestinal injury. Hence, this work aimed to investigate the possible mitigating function of Bifidobacterium on hepatointestinal injury caused by fluoride. Thirty-six 6-week-old C57BL\/6J mice (equally divided between males and females) were allotted randomly to three groups: Ctrl group (distilled water), NaF group, and NaF + Ba group (100 mg\/L NaF distilled water). After 10 weeks, the mice were given 1 \u00d7 109 CFU\/mL Bifidobacterium solution (0.2 mL\/day) intragastrically in the NaF + Ba group for 8 weeks, and the mice in other groups were given the same amount of distilled water. Dental damage, bone fluoride content, blood routine, liver and intestinal microstructure and function, inflammatory factors, and regulatory cholic acid transporters were examined. Our results showed that fluoride increased glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activities, and the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-10 levels in serum, liver, and ileum. However, Bifidobacterium intervention alleviated fluoride-induced changes in the above indicators. In addition, Bifidobacterium reduced the mRNA expression levels of bile acid transporters ASBT, IBABP, OST-\u03b1, and OST-\u03b2 in the ileum. In summary, Bifidobacterium supplementation relieved fluoride-induced hepatic and ileal toxicity via an inflammatory response and bile acid transporters in the liver and ileum of mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13071011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T11:05:33Z","timestamp":1711451133000},"page":"1011","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bifidobacterium Relieved Fluoride-Induced Hepatic and Ileal Toxicity via Inflammatory Response and Bile Acid Transporters in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhehot 010018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianlong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuting","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiguang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erbao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuicui","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jundong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6005-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14185","article-title":"The pathogenesis of endemic fluorosis: Research progress in the last 5 years","volume":"23","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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