{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:36:42Z","timestamp":1787953002856,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Earmarked Fund for CARS","award":["CARS-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-44"]}]},{"name":"Earmarked Fund for CARS","award":["CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IAR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IAR"]}]},{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program","award":["CARS-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-44"]}]},{"name":"Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program","award":["CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IAR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IAR"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bee pollen, derived from various plant sources, is renowned for its nutritional and bioactive properties, aroma, and taste. This study examined the bee pollen with the highest yield in China obtained from four plant species, namely Brassica campestris (Bc), Nelumbo nucifera (Nn), Camellia japonica (Cj), and Fagopyrum esculentum (Fe), using fast e-nose and e-tongue technology to analyze their flavor chemistry. Results showed substantial differences in scent profiles among the varieties, with distinct odor compounds identified for each, including n-butanol, decanal, and ethanol, in Bc, Nn, and Cj, respectively. The primary odorants in Fe consist of E-2-hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol. Additionally, e-tongue analysis revealed seven distinct tastes in bee pollen samples: AHS, PKS, CTS, NMS, CPS, ANS, and SCS, with variations in intensity across each taste. The study also found correlations between taste components and specific odor compounds, providing insights for enhancing product quality control in bee pollen processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13071022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]],"date-time":"2024-03-27T12:41:57Z","timestamp":1711543317000},"page":"1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Flavor Chemical Research on Different Bee Pollen Varieties Using Fast E-Nose and E-Tongue Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chenshuo","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China"},{"name":"School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enning","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5590-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiangqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2020.02.001","article-title":"Composition and functionality of bee pollen: A review","volume":"98","author":"Thakur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. 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