{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T05:18:39Z","timestamp":1772601519412,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2022YFD2100104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD2100104"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["242102110136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110136"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["242102110117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110117"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["24B550006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24B550006"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["XKPY-2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XKPY-2023001"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China","award":["2022YFD2100104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD2100104"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China","award":["242102110136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110136"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China","award":["242102110117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110117"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China","award":["24B550006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24B550006"]}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China","award":["XKPY-2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XKPY-2023001"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research project of Henan Higher Education Institutions","award":["2022YFD2100104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD2100104"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research project of Henan Higher Education Institutions","award":["242102110136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110136"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research project of Henan Higher Education Institutions","award":["242102110117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110117"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research project of Henan Higher Education Institutions","award":["24B550006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24B550006"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research project of Henan Higher Education Institutions","award":["XKPY-2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XKPY-2023001"]}]},{"name":"National Scientific Research Project Cultivation Fund project of Huanghuai University","award":["2022YFD2100104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD2100104"]}]},{"name":"National Scientific Research Project Cultivation Fund project of Huanghuai University","award":["242102110136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110136"]}]},{"name":"National Scientific Research Project Cultivation Fund project of Huanghuai University","award":["242102110117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102110117"]}]},{"name":"National Scientific Research Project Cultivation Fund project of Huanghuai University","award":["24B550006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24B550006"]}]},{"name":"National Scientific Research Project Cultivation Fund project of Huanghuai University","award":["XKPY-2023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XKPY-2023001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) is a foodborne pathogen capable of causing severe infections in newborns. The PhoP\/PhoQ two-component system exerts a significant influence on bacterial virulence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the PhoP\/PhoQ system on intestinal inflammation in neonatal mice induced by C. sakazakii. Neonatal mice were infected orally by C. sakazakii BAA-894 (WT), a phoPQ-gene-deletion strain (\u0394phoPQ), and a complementation strain (\u0394phoPQC), and the intestinal inflammation in the mice was monitored. Deletion of the phoPQ gene reduced the viable count of C. sakazakii in the ileum and alleviated intestinal tissue damage. Moreover, caspase-3 activity in the ileum of the WT- and \u0394phoPQC-infected mice was significantly elevated compared to that of the \u0394phoPQ and control groups. ELISA results showed elevated levels of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 in the ileum of the mice infected with WT and \u0394phoPQC. In addition, deletion of the phoPQ gene in C. sakazakii resulted in a down-regulation of inflammatory genes (IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, NF-\u03baB p65, TLR4) within the ileum and decreased inflammation by modulating the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB pathway. It is suggested that targeting the PhoP\/PhoQ two-component system could be a potential strategy for mitigating C. sakazakii-induced neonatal infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13172808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T04:28:28Z","timestamp":1725424108000},"page":"2808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["PhoP\/PhoQ Two-Component System Contributes to Intestinal Inflammation Induced by Cronobacter sakazakii in Neonatal Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8588-3989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6336-2661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7014","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c02629","article-title":"Prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis through milk polar lipids reducing intestinal epithelial apoptosis","volume":"68","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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