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Krakow","award":["30.610.013-110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30.610.013-110"]}]},{"name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","award":["30.610.007-110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30.610.007-110"]}]},{"name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","award":["30.610.005-110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30.610.005-110"]}]},{"name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","award":["072000-D020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["072000-D020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The chemical composition of raw oat grain is responsible for the high dietary value and health-promoting properties of oat products. This article presents the results of a study investigating the biofortification of grain in two oat genotypes\u2014hulless and hulled\u2014through agronomic treatments: chemical plant protection against weeds and fungi and mineral nitrogen fertilization. The applied agronomic treatments induced different changes in the fatty acid profiles, content of tocopherols, macronutrients, and micronutrients in the grain of hulled and hulless oats. Plant health contributed to higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and potassium in oat grain. In turn, nitrogen fertilization decreased the content of unsaturated fatty acids, potassium, and copper and increased the content of saturated fatty acids, calcium, and manganese in oat grain. At the same time, agronomic treatments reduced the tocopherol content of the grain, which implies that the nutritional value of oats increases in the absence of chemical plant protection agents. The correlations between the content of desirable chemical compounds and agronomic treatments were stronger in hulless oat grain, which may suggest that the agronomic modification of oat-based foods is more effective in this genotype. The content of exogenous alpha-linoleic acid C18:3 n-3 and alpha-tocopherol was higher in grain harvested from the control treatment (without chemical plant protection), whereas grain harvested from fully protected treatments accumulated more essential gamma-linolenic acid C18:3 n-6. The content of gamma-tocopherol and copper in oat grain was higher in the absence of nitrogen fertilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13223622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T09:59:11Z","timestamp":1731491951000},"page":"3622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fatty Acid Composition, Oxidative Status, and Content of Biogenic Elements in Raw Oats Modified Through Agricultural Practices"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Wojtacki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7880-4012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krystyna","family":"\u017buk-Go\u0142aszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Duli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and General Food Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Giza-Go\u0142aszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. \u017belazna 90, 01-004 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2071-9314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Kalisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9080-9393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janusz","family":"Go\u0142aszewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. \u0141\u00f3dzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-008-0698-7","article-title":"Oat: Unique among the cereals","volume":"47","author":"Butt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. 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