{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:24:08Z","timestamp":1793881448323,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This work aimed to propose the reuse of processing waste from the Sicilian almond (Prunus amygdalus Batsch.) cultivar Tuono for the formulation of a new functional baked product (muffin) that is gluten- and lactose-free. Muffins were prepared using orange juice, rice flour, extra virgin olive oil, and enriched almond skin (3% and 6% w\/w). The chemical-physical parameters, total phenols, and flavonoids (TPC and TFC), as well as the biological properties of the ingredients and muffins, were evaluated. Sensory analyses were also conducted. DPPH, ABTS, \u03b2-carotene bleaching, and FRAP tests were applied to measure the antioxidant potential. Muffin extracts were also tested against \u03b1-amylase and \u03b1-glucosidase enzymes. Muffins enriched with 6% almond skin (M6) showed the highest TPC and TFC with values of 26.96 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)\/g and 24.12 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)\/g, respectively. M6 exerted a promising antioxidant activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation, with an IC50 of 15.44 \u03bcg\/mL at 30 min incubation. Moreover, muffin M6 showed a promising \u03b1-glucosidase inhibitory effect (IC50 of 51.82 \u03bcg\/mL). Based on the obtained results and supported by sensory analysis, muffins enriched with almond skin should be proposed as a promising example of upcycling for the development of a new functional bakery product.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13233796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T05:06:53Z","timestamp":1732597613000},"page":"3796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Reuse of Almond Skin to Formulate a New Gluten- and Lactose-Free Bakery Product"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lucia Francesca","family":"Vuono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7550-9571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Sicari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agraria, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Localit\u00e0 Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5828-098X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Mincione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agraria, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Localit\u00e0 Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3713-4403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Tundis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7961-3894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natale","family":"Badalamenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"NBFC (National Biodiversity Future Center), 90133 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0583-0487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"NBFC (National Biodiversity Future Center), 90133 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca \u201cRiutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari\u201d, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7774-6172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Sottile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca \u201cRiutilizzo Bio-Based Degli Scarti da Matrici Agroalimentari\u201d, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 14, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4998-2311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Piacente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7019-3598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Settanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Bldg. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6050-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica Rosa","family":"Loizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pasqualone, A., Laddomada, B., Boukid, F., de Angelis, D., and Summo, C. 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