{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:03:27Z","timestamp":1792789407663,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Asociaci\u00f3n de Productores de Nuez de Nerpio","award":["20232315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20232315"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study used Juglans regia leaves from the Gran Jefe variety; this indigenous cultivar from Nerpio is highly valued for its quality and distinct characteristics. This type of walnut is traditionally cultivated in the region and is noted for its organoleptic properties and adaptation to local climatic conditions. Two solvents were tested to determine the optimal extraction conditions for phenolic compounds: 80% ethanol and water. Direct homogenization with an Ultra-Turrax, direct ultrasound, and indirect ultrasound treatments were compared for ethanol extraction. Water extractions were conducted using direct and indirect ultrasound, infusion, and decoction. Compared to water extraction, 80% ethanol proved to be more efficient. Extracting phenolic compounds from \u2019Gran Jefe\u2019 walnut leaves was most effective when using direct extraction methods without either ultrasound assistance or indirect ultrasound treatment. The main compounds identified were trans-3-caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-hexoside isomer 1. The ethanolic extract obtained through direct extraction was selected to study further the bioactivities of \u2019Gran Jefe\u2019 walnut leaves using C. elegans as an in vivo model. Results indicated that the leaf extract enhanced thermal and oxidative stress resistance, promoted fertility, and exhibited neuroprotective effects in models of Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases. The observed bioactivities were attributed to the free phenolics present in the ethanolic extract.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14061048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T07:48:37Z","timestamp":1742370517000},"page":"1048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Harnessing the Potential of Walnut Leaves from Nerpio: Unveiling Extraction Techniques and Bioactivity Through Caenorhabditis elegans Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9751-6035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amel","family":"Hamdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"},{"name":"Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Centro Andaluz de Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo (CABD), University Pablo de Olavide (UPO), CSIC\/UPO\/JA, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"C\u00f3rdoba-Rojano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2717-6412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Monje-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Centro Andaluz de Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo (CABD), University Pablo de Olavide (UPO), CSIC\/UPO\/JA, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Guill\u00e9n-Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0003-4345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2695-4588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Jes\u00fas","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Centro Andaluz de Biolog\u00eda del Desarrollo (CABD), University Pablo de Olavide (UPO), CSIC\/UPO\/JA, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Guill\u00e9n-Bejarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide University Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2021.110035","article-title":"The Persian (English) Walnut (Juglans regia L.) 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