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Emerging research underscores KD\u2019s potential in improving cognitive functions and regulating mood. Investigations into its safety and efficacy have centered on its anti-inflammatory properties and its impact on neurological health and the gut\u2013brain axis (GBA). This review delves into the relationship between the KD and gut microbiota, emphasizing its potential role in cognitive enhancement and mood stabilization, particularly for managing mood disorders and depression. The investigation of the KD\u2019s physiological effects and its role in promoting cognition and emotion through gut microbiota will pave the way for innovative approaches to personalized dietary interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14071215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T01:59:36Z","timestamp":1743386376000},"page":"1215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ketogenic Diet and Gut Microbiota: Exploring New Perspectives on Cognition and Mood"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1098-0722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yili","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youmeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinrong","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute for Drug Control, Ningbo 315048, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5795-9197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2019.21.3\/fthibaut","article-title":"Cognition in psychiatry","volume":"21","author":"Thibaut","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. 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