{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:19:59Z","timestamp":1793413199441,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Youth Backup Talent Development Program, Harbin University of Commerce","award":["2024-KYYWF-1015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-KYYWF-1015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lutein is one of carotenoids in the human brain that is consistently associated with all cognitive performance indicators, and its levels are closely linked to age-related cognitive decline. However, lutein application is limited by its poor stability and low bioaccessibility. In this study, a lutein-loaded delivery system was developed to enhance stability and achieve brain-targeting effects. Using high-speed shear and ethanol hydration methods, PEGylated lutein liposomes with lactoferrin (Lf-LLips) were constructed and characterized. The morphology was observed using TEM and AFM. Particle sizes and lutein retention rates were evaluated under different temperatures (4 \u00b0C, 25 \u00b1 2 \u00b0C, 50 \u00b0C), light (diffusion light, DL; light shielding, LS), and storage durations at 28 d. Compared with free lutein, the in vitro release behavior and permeability across the blood\u2013brain barrier of the systems were investigated. Lf-LLips exhibited a particle size of 186.63 \u00b1 2.04 nm and a potential of \u221230.53 \u00b1 1.65 mV, and the lutein encapsulation efficiency was 83.11 \u00b1 1.67%. When stored under LS, the particle size of Lf-LLips remained under 190 nm at 4 \u00b0C for 28 days, and the retention rate of lutein exceeded 80%. The release curve of Lf-LLips in vitro over 72 h followed the Weibull model. Furthermore, the permeability across the blood\u2013brain barrier model within 12 h was 22.73 \u00b1 1.42%. These results demonstrate that Lf-LLips significantly improve the stability of lutein and exhibit sustained-release properties along with brain-targeting efficiency. The findings demonstrate the promising future of lutein for applications in brain health enhancement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14213611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T01:35:11Z","timestamp":1761269711000},"page":"3611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Construction and In Vitro Evaluation of Brain-Targeted Lutein Liposomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"You","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiguo","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruobing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.09.005","article-title":"The mechanisms, hallmarks, and therapies for brain aging and age-related dementia","volume":"69","author":"Jin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. 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