{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:42:13Z","timestamp":1788792133769,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture\u2019s National Institute of Food and Agriculture award","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-70442-39232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-70442-39232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Color and fluorescence spectrometry were evaluated as rapid, objective tools for verifying the cleanliness of poultry-processing food-contacting surfaces contaminated with a model chicken solution across six common materials. Both techniques detected chicken residues at dilutions several orders of magnitude below human visual and olfactory thresholds, with stainless steel and blue plastic yielding the largest color differences between clean and contaminated states and fluorescence measurements remaining highly sensitive on all tested surfaces. Representative limits of detection were on the order of 1:50\u20131:100 dilution of chicken residue for color measurements on most surfaces and approximately 1:50 for fluorescence measurements, compared with human detection thresholds of approximately 1:50. Cleaning chemicals routinely used in poultry plants did not measurably reduce detection performance, and a simple machine learning classifier further improved separation of clean versus contaminated readings. These findings indicate that compact color and fluorescence instruments can provide fast, quantitative pre-sanitation checks that strengthen SSOP verification and reduce reliance on subjective human inspection in poultry processing facilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14244352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T09:15:21Z","timestamp":1766049321000},"page":"4352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rapid Detection of Chicken Residues on Poultry Plant Surfaces Using Color and Fluorescence Spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Clark","family":"Griscom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1224-5529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"},{"name":"Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, 790 W. Dickson St., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4738-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corliss A.","family":"O\u2019Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rimmo","family":"R\u00f5\u00f5m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LDI Innovation O\u00dc, S\u00e4ra tee 7, 75312 Peetri, Harjumaa, Estonia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5180-3204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip G.","family":"Crandall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) (2025, August 04). 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