{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:45:14Z","timestamp":1791233114976,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R & D Plan Projects of Hunan Province","award":["2024JK2146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JK2146"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of Changsha Science and Technology Program","award":["kh2301028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["kh2301028"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study employed deep eutectic solvents (DES) combined with ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology to green and efficiently extract flavonoids from honeysuckle, and systematically evaluated its inhibitory mechanism on \u03b1-amylase (\u03b1-AMY). Through comparative screening of six DES systems and traditional solvents, DES-4 (Choline chloride\u2013propylene glycol) was identified as the optimal extraction solvent. After single-factor and response surface optimization, the yield of honeysuckle flavonoids (HF) was significantly increased to 9.12 \u00b1 0.08% under the conditions of ultrasonic power 300 W, solid\u2013liquid ratio 1:32 (g\/mL), and extraction time 60 min. HPLC-MS analysis revealed that luteolin (4.59 \u00b1 0.09 mg\/g) and quercetin (3.05 \u00b1 0.02 mg\/g) were the main active components, and they exhibited strong antioxidant activity. Enzyme kinetics and Lineweaver\u2013Burk analysis indicated that the inhibition type of HF on \u03b1-AMY was reversible mixed inhibition. Fluorescence spectroscopy, thermodynamic analysis, and molecular docking results further revealed that HF primarily bound to \u03b1-AMY through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces (\u0394H = \u221263.80 kJ\/mol, \u0394S = \u22120.19 J\/mol\u00b7K), causing static fluorescence quenching and altering its hydrophobic microenvironment and spatial conformation. This study aims to provide new theoretical basis for the green and efficient extraction of HF and its development and application in functional foods and natural medicines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15010010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T14:27:16Z","timestamp":1766154436000},"page":"10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Green Extraction of Flavonoids from Honeysuckle: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights into \u03b1-Amylase Inhibition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hong","family":"Zong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangfan","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feiyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Rd, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingling","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7968-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuguo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9250051","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2024.9250051","article-title":"Function, Mechanism of Action, Metabolism, and Commercial Application of Lonicera japonica: A Review","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci. 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