{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T15:00:42Z","timestamp":1767798042398,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Progetto PRIN 2022","award":["51723152021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51723152021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sustainable extraction methods represent a key strategy in green chemistry and nutraceutical development, aiming to replace conventional solvent-based techniques while maintaining extract quality and safety. This study compared pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) extracts obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) and a classical solvent-based protocol, focusing on compositional features and biological effects. Extracts were characterized for their chemical profiles, and their impact on HCT-116 colon-derived cells was evaluated through viability assays and gene expression analysis. The UAE-derived extract, richer in carbohydrates, promoted higher cell proliferation after 72 h, whereas the classical extract upregulated HMOX-1, suggesting activation of antioxidant defense pathways. Moreover, UAE treatment downregulated GLUT2 expression while modulating cytokinestranscripts, indicating a possible carbohydrate-driven immunometabolic response. Overall, these findings highlight both the advantages and limitations of green extraction approaches: while environmentally sustainable and efficient, ultrasound-assisted protocols may modify extract composition in ways that influence biological responses. Optimization of extraction parameters is therefore essential to ensure a balance between ecological sustainability, compositional integrity, and biological safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15020205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:46:43Z","timestamp":1767786403000},"page":"205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Extraction Method on the Bioactivity of Pistacia vera L. Extracts: Metabolic and Gene Expression Changes in Colorectal Cancer Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2569-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Zerbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7305-7433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo Giuseppe","family":"Bonacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Advanced and Innovative Diagnostic Academy (A.I.D.A.), Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4053-5891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morena","family":"Terrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6694-2151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6759-3860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Cavallaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9112-5623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmela","family":"Bonaccorso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3497-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Giuffrida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1889-886X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cosimo Gianluca","family":"Fortuna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Musso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced and Innovative Diagnostic Academy (A.I.D.A.), Via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universit\u00e0 Kore di Enna, Contrada Santa Panasia, 94100 Enna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2022.100815","article-title":"Pistacia vera L. 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