{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:23:02Z","timestamp":1792801382495,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Xinjiang, China","award":["2022B03006-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B03006-2"]}]},{"name":"\u201cThree Agriculture areas\u201d Backbone Talent Project of \u201cTianshan\u201d Talent Plan in Xinjiang","award":["2024SNGGGCC009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024SNGGGCC009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ziziphus jujuba is an important source of polysaccharides in food supply, and studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides serve as the principal active constituents responsible for immunomodulatory effects. The results indicated that \u201cHuizao\u201d polysaccharides (HP2-1) increased the viability and phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and triggered immune responses by promoting cytokines TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2 secretion, as well as NO and ROS production. In addition, HP2-1 also stimulated cytokine production, elevated immunoglobulin levels, and alleviated oxidative stress via increasing antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing MDA production in immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, HP2-1 potentiated immune responses both in vitro and in vivo by modulating the TLR4\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB pathway due to upregulating TLR4 expression, leading to phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, thereby activating NF-\u03baB and subsequent cytokine secretion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15020292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:52:57Z","timestamp":1768319577000},"page":"292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ziziphus\u00a0jujuba \u201cHuizao\u201d Polysaccharides Exert Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo by Modulating the TLR4\/MAPK\/NF-\u03baB Signalling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingteng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruxianguli","family":"Maimaitiyiming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro-Products Storage and Processing, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinghua","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2019.103420","article-title":"Immunomodulatory effects of collagen hydrolysates from yak (Bos grunniens) bone on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in BALB\/c mice","volume":"60","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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