{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T19:30:12Z","timestamp":1792956612754,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Natural Science Research Project in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province","award":["22KJA550002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22KJA550002"]}]},{"name":"\u201c343\u201d Industrial Development Project Served by Universities in Xuzhou","award":["gx2024021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["gx2024021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Walnut peptide Lys-Gly-His-Leu-Phe-Pro-Asn (KG-7) is a food-derived bioactive peptide with a high antioxidant capacity. We systematically evaluated the ameliorative effects of KG-7 on scopolamine-induced memory deficits in mice and its intestinal absorption mechanisms through integrating motion behavior analysis, molecular biochemistry research, and fluorescence imaging technology. Morris water maze tests revealed that KG-7 significantly improved the behavioral performance of these mice. Further mechanistic investigations demonstrated that KG-7 restored cholinergic function by reducing acetylcholinesterase activity and increasing acetylcholine levels. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and hippocampal immunohistochemistry confirmed that KG-7 alleviated neuronal damage by downregulating Hes1 overexpression, clarifying its behavioral improvement mechanism. In vitro fluorescence imaging showed that KG-7 reached peak accumulation in brain tissue 8 h post-administration, confirming its brain delivery. To elucidate the absorption mechanism, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence revealed that KG-7 markedly reduced the expression of efflux transporter P-gp in the small intestine, thereby diminishing efflux activity, while weakened tight junction (Occludin, ZO-1) fluorescence indicated activation of the paracellular pathway. Western blot analysis confirmed that KG-7 enhanced paracellular absorption efficiency and reduced intestinal efflux by downregulating ZO-1, Occludin, and efflux transporters (P-gp, BCRP, and LRP1) alongside upregulating Claudin-2 expression. These findings provide a foundation for exploring walnut peptides that enhance memory and optimize absorption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15030548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T10:02:57Z","timestamp":1770199377000},"page":"548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Walnut Peptide KG-7 Alleviates Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits and Enhances Paracellular Transport via Tight Junction Modulation in a Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9525-5609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou 221018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00472-1","article-title":"Prospective Memory Impairment in Neurological Disorders: Implications and Management","volume":"17","author":"Henry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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