{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T00:25:36Z","timestamp":1793838336651,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":407,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wild edible fruits (WEFs) represent an important yet underutilised component of biodiversity-based nutrition and functional food research. This structured narrative review critically synthesises current evidence on the phytochemical composition and nutritional relevance, biological activities, and sustainability dimensions of WEFs, with emphasis on fruit pulp as the primary edible tissue. A systematic search strategy following PRISMA-based principles was applied to enhance methodological transparency; however, due to high heterogeneity in species, analytical methods, and outcome measures, quantitative meta-analysis was not feasible. The review integrates compositional data (phenolics, carotenoids, tocopherols, sterols, vitamin C, and minerals) with reported bioactivities, while explicitly distinguishing between in vitro assays, in vivo studies, and limited clinical evidence. Particular attention is given to analytical variability, bioavailability constraints, dose\u2013response relationships, and translational limitations that affect the interpretation of antioxidant and other health-related claims. Beyond bioactivity, the manuscript contextualises WEFs within socio-economic, conservation, and sustainable food system frameworks. By combining chemical characterisation, evidence hierarchy, and sustainability analysis, this review provides a critical and multidisciplinary perspective that advances understanding of WEFs and identifies priorities for future research, including standardised methodologies and well-designed human intervention trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15061106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T08:47:42Z","timestamp":1774255662000},"page":"1106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Wild Edible Fruits: A Structured Narrative Review on Bioactive Composition and Bioactivity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"D\u00edaz-Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38203 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4998-4351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Heras-Roger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of La Laguna, 38203 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"},{"name":"C\u00e1tedra de Agroturismo y Enoturismo de Canarias, Instituto Canario de Calidad Agroalimentaria (ICCA-ULL), 38001 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5049-2144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Rinc\u00f3n-Cervera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Food Technology Area, University of Almer\u00eda, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2666-1774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Guil-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Food Technology Area, University of Almer\u00eda, 04120 Almer\u00eda, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenipher, C., and Ayyanar, M. (2025). Nutritional Analysis on Wild Edible Fruits of Kolli Hills (Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu), India. Pomotherapeutic Insights on Wild Edible Fruits, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-96-0543-9_1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7095","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-025-02369-0","article-title":"Wild edible fruit utilization patterns in Garhwal himalaya (Uttarakhand, India): A multi-decadal perspective","volume":"72","author":"Khanduri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.04.050","article-title":"Ethnobotanical survey of medicinally important wild edible fruits species used by tribal communities of Lesser Himalayas-Pakistan","volume":"148","author":"Abbasi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"15","article-title":"Nutrient analysis of some selected wild edible fruits of deciduous forests of India: An explorative study towards non conventional bio-nutrition","volume":"4","author":"Mahapatra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8823565","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8823565","article-title":"Nutritional analysis of five wild edible vegetables traditionally consumed by the Orang Asli in perak","volume":"2021","author":"Tharmabalan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2024.2374498","article-title":"Bioactive constituents and health promoting compounds of few wild edible fruits of North-East India","volume":"27","author":"Ngurthankhumi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1080\/15538362.2021.1907009","article-title":"Nutritional composition of seed kernel and oil of wild edible plant species from Western Himalaya, India","volume":"21","author":"Maikhuri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Fruit Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-024-02206-w","article-title":"From forests to tables: Wild edible plants\u2019 contribution to ethnomedicine and nutrition in northeastern Madhya Pradesh, India","volume":"72","author":"Sharma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.21475\/ajcs.25.19.01.p137","article-title":"Nutritional potential of some wild edible fruits of Shinyanga region, Tanzania","volume":"19","author":"Washa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aust. J. Crop Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s12231-019-09481-0","article-title":"Local knowledge, uses, and factors determining the use of Strychnos spinosa organs in Benin (West Africa)","volume":"74","author":"Avakoudjo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Econ. Bot."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"251","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of wild medicinal plants among the mountain community of Western Himalayas: A case study of Govind wildlife sanctuary and national park","volume":"13","author":"Chandra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Plants-Int. J. Phytomed. Relat. Ind."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-024-00668-x","article-title":"An ethnobotanical study of wild edible fruits in miombo woodlands of Tabora region in Western Tanzania","volume":"20","author":"Mgalula","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"2346","article-title":"A review on diversity, conservation and nutrition of wild edible fruits","volume":"8","author":"Chakravarty","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Nat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"116","article-title":"Wild edible fruits: A rich source of biodiversity","volume":"27","author":"Sagbas","year":"2017","journal-title":"ANADOLU Ege Tar\u0131msal Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Derg."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sardeshpande, M., and Shackleton, C. (2019). Wild edible fruits: A systematic review of an under-researched multifunctional NTFP (non-timber forest product). Forests, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/f10060467"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Zamorano, L., C\u00e1mara, R.M., Morales, P., and C\u00e1mara, M. (2025). Harnessing edible wild fruits: Sustainability and health aspects. Nutrients, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030412"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70454","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.70454","article-title":"Food, feed, and phytochemical uses of wild edible plants: A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Rumicha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ooac107","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooac107","article-title":"Not so weak PICO: Leveraging weak supervision for participants, interventions, and outcomes recognition for systematic review automation","volume":"6","author":"Dhrangadhariya","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMIA Open"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pachuau, L., and Dutta, R.S. (2019). Wild edible fruits of Northeast India: Medicinal values and traditional practices. Herbal Medicine in India: Indigenous Knowledge, Practice, Innovation and Its Value, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-7248-3_27"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hazarika, T.K., Tayeng, B., Ngurthankhumi, R., Lalruatsangi, E., Upadhyaya, K., and Lyngdoh, N. (2022). Unlocking wild edible fruits of Indo-Burma biodiversity hot spot, Arunachal pradesh, india, to support food security and sustainable rural livelihood. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su142316088"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"385","article-title":"Traditional knowledge of wild edible fruits in southern Africa: A comparative use patterns in Namibia and Zimbabwe","volume":"16","author":"Maroyi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Tradit. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s10457-025-01165-0","article-title":"Diversity, utilization, and sustainable management of wild edible fruit plants in agroforestry systems: A case study in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia","volume":"99","author":"Suwardi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Agrofor. Syst."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d230315","article-title":"Diversity of wild edible fruit plant species and their threatened status in the Aceh Province, Indonesia","volume":"23","author":"Suwardi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biodivers. J. Biol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"417","article-title":"Changes in phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of bayberry (Myrica esculenta Buch. Ham. ex D. Don) and yellow Himalayan raspberry (Rubus ellipticus Smith) based health beverages","volume":"15","author":"Krishna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. Tradit. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2023.2200480","article-title":"Changes in nutritional, physicochemical, phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Mahonia nepalensis fruits during ripening","volume":"26","author":"Rawat","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2018.06.001","article-title":"Mineral profile, carotenoids and composition of cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal), a wild Brazilian fruit","volume":"72","author":"Sereno","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lubisi, N.P., Matlala, M.E., Ramarumo, L.J., and Ndhlovu, P.T. (2025). Ethnobotanical and Nutritional Evaluation of Understudied Wild Edible Fruits in South Africa: Bridging Indigenous Knowledge and Food Security: A Review. Foods, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14101726"},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Dwivedi, S.K., Ballabh, B., Singh, R., Joshi, S.K., and Bora, A. (2018). Studies on survey, diversity, evaluation and traditional use of wild edibles of Himalayas. XXX International Horticultural Congress IHC2018: V International Symposium on Plant Genetic Resources and International Symposium on Applied Functional Molecular Biology, ISHS."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"121","article-title":"Advances in exploitation and utilization of wild fruit resources of Annonaceae in China","volume":"39","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Fruit Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pathak, R., Pant, V., Negi, V.S., Bhatt, I.D., and Belwal, T. (2023). Introduction to Himalayan region and wild edible diversity. Himalayan Fruits and Berries, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85591-4.00024-6"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dejene, T., Agamy, M.S., Ag\u00fandez, D., and Martin-Pinto, P. (2020). Ethnobotanical survey of wild edible fruit tree species in lowland areas of Ethiopia. Forests, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/f11020177"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s40066-021-00308-7","article-title":"Food security and environment conservation through sustainable use of wild and semi-wild edible plants: A case study in Berek Natural Forest, Oromia special zone, Ethiopia","volume":"10","author":"Kidane","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agric. Food Secur."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in Yilmana Densa and Quarit Districts of West Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Alemneh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ethnobot. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-023-00601-8","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study of underutilized wild edible plants and threats to their long-term existence in Midakegn District, West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia","volume":"19","author":"Guzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-024-00696-7","article-title":"Harvesting nature\u2019s bounty: Exploring the ethnobotanical landscape of wild edible plants in the Awi Ag\u00e4w community, Northwestern Ethiopia","volume":"20","author":"Fassil","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"9243343","article-title":"Ethnobotanical study on wild edible plants in Metema district, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia","volume":"2023","author":"Masresha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. For. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1080\/10549811.2022.2123355","article-title":"Sustainable use and management of wild edible fruit plants: A case study in the Ulu Masen protected forest, West Aceh, Indonesia","volume":"42","author":"Suwardi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sustain. For."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1007\/s11629-022-7551-y","article-title":"Assessing anthropogenic pressure and threats on Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle habitats in Garhwal Himalaya","volume":"20","author":"Joshi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mt. Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-8-16","article-title":"Diversity of use and local knowledge of wild edible plant resources in Nepal","volume":"8","author":"Uprety","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ballard, C.R., and Junior, M.R.M. (2019). Health benefits of flavonoids. Bioactive Compounds, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814774-0.00010-4"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2019.114355","article-title":"Bioactive compounds from pomegranate by-products increase the in vitro ruminal accumulation of potentially health promoting fatty acids","volume":"259","author":"Natalello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.07.143","article-title":"Nutraceutical potential of selected wild edible fruits of the Indian Himalayan region","volume":"215","author":"Bhatt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3124","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2016.1274906","article-title":"Phenolic acids and flavonoids profiles of extracts from edible wild fruits and their antioxidant properties","volume":"20","author":"Cosmulescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-012-0836-3","article-title":"Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of phenolics isolated from fruits of Himalayan yellow raspberry (Rubus ellipticus)","volume":"51","author":"Saini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.51248\/.v43i02.2647","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of wild edible fruits from the Rangayyanadurga four-horned antelope wildlife sanctuary","volume":"43","author":"Pratap","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"478","article-title":"Estimation of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of underutilized ethnobotanically important wild edible fruits of Manipur","volume":"23","author":"Devi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J. Tradit. Knowl. (IJTK)"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3109\/09637486.2015.1077796","article-title":"Resveratrol and anti-atherogenic effects","volume":"66","author":"Riccioni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24673","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161024673","article-title":"Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in different types of berries","volume":"16","author":"Skrovankova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"CD001321","article-title":"Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections","volume":"4","author":"Williams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Oliver, P., and Villem, A. (2017). Methods of analysis for phenolic compounds. Phenolic Compounds: Structure, Uses and Health Benefits, Nova Science Publishers."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1007\/s40011-019-01142-5","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and polyphenolics of Fragaria nubicola: A wild edible fruit species of Himalaya","volume":"90","author":"Bahukhandi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India Sect. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2007.3064","article-title":"Total content of phenols and anthocyanins in edible fruits from Bosnia","volume":"7","author":"Rimpapa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bosn. J. Basic Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"3178","article-title":"Assessment of phenolic contents, essential\/toxic metals and antioxidant capacity of fruits of Viburnum foetens decne","volume":"8","author":"Abbasi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.12.006","article-title":"Chemical characterization, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity of jussara (Euterpe edulis) fruit from the Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil","volume":"44","author":"Borges","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5894","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42270-2","article-title":"Trends of polyphenolics and anthocyanins accumulation along ripening stages of wild edible fruits of Indian Himalayan region","volume":"9","author":"Belwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10341-020-00537-3","article-title":"Phenolic compounds of some wild edible fruits growing in Turkey","volume":"63","author":"Uslu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Erwerbs-Obstbau"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.11.104","article-title":"Phytochemicals, vitamin C and sugar content of Thai wild fruits","volume":"126","author":"Kubola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-024-04552-6","article-title":"Effect of drying methods on free and bound phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacities, and bioaccessibility of Cornelian cherry","volume":"250","author":"Bayram","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Food Res. Technol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1051\/fruits\/2014035","article-title":"Wild Arbutus unedo L. and Rubus ulmifolius Schott fruits are underutilized sources of valuable bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity","volume":"69","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fruits"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"299","article-title":"Chemical compositions, phytochemicals, and biological activity of dried edible wild fruits","volume":"60","author":"Sangsopha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak. J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15308","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpp.15308","article-title":"Influence of different drying methods on antioxidant activity, total phenol, and phenolic compounds of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) fruits","volume":"45","author":"Alkaltham","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Process. Preserv."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2007.01611.x","article-title":"Phenolic content and profiles of selected wild fruits of Zimbabwe: Ximenia caffra, Artobotrys brachypetalus and Syzygium cordatum","volume":"43","author":"Ndhlala","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.01.057","article-title":"Nutrients and bioactive compounds of Thai indigenous fruits","volume":"140","author":"Judprasong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.02.007","article-title":"Antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, antioxidant and chemical functionalities in Zizyphus lotus leaves and fruits","volume":"132","author":"Marmouzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7708","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7095361","article-title":"Polyphenolic composition of Crataegus monogyna Jacq.: From chemistry to medical applications","volume":"7","author":"Nabavi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"20","article-title":"Phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant evaluation of hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) fruits and leaves extracts","volume":"10","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull. Nat. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","first-page":"C1928","article-title":"Wild Prunus fruit species as a rich source of bioactive compounds","volume":"81","author":"Stampar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polumackanycz, M., Kaszuba, M., Konopacka, A., Marzec-Wr\u00f3blewska, U., Wesolowski, M., Waleron, K., Buci\u0144ski, A., and Viapiana, A. (2020). Phenolic composition and biological properties of wild and commercial dog rose fruits and leaves. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225272"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Y., Zhang, J., Xu, D., Zhou, T., Zhou, Y., Li, S., and Li, H. (2016). Bioactivities and health benefits of wild fruits. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081258"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2018.06.001","article-title":"Carotenoids in human nutrition and health","volume":"652","author":"Eggersdorfer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Esquivel, P., Schweiggert, R.M., Chac\u00f3n-Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez, T., Steingass, C.B., Carle, R., and Jim\u00e9nez, V.M. (2019). Carotenoid assembly in fruits and vegetables. Carotenoid Esters in Foods: Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties, Royal Society of Chemistry.","DOI":"10.1039\/9781788015851-00051"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12724","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c02927","article-title":"Role of phytonutrients in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases: A concrete review","volume":"10","author":"Tufail","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/49.1.42","article-title":"Vitamin A status and nutritional intake of carotenoids of preschool children in Ijaye Orile community in Nigeria","volume":"49","author":"Oso","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Trop. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dolchinkova, T. (2024). Analysis of Carotenoids in Sweet Potatoes Using HPLC to Help Combat Vitamin A Deficiency. Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, RTU Press.","DOI":"10.17770\/etr2024vol1.7994"},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"1934578X19862649","article-title":"Carotenoid composition of Cionosicyos macranthus fruit","volume":"14","author":"Murillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2621.1989.tb04709.x","article-title":"Determination of carotenoids in fruits of Rosa sp. (Rosa canina and Rosa rugosa) and of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa)","volume":"54","author":"Razungles","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cristea, E., Ghendov-Mosanu, A., Pintea, A., Sturza, R., and Patras, A. (2024). Color stability and antioxidant capacity of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. berry extract influenced by different conditions. Horticulturae, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae10111184"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3746\/pnf.2021.26.3.241","article-title":"Carotenoids: Therapeutic strategy in the battle against viral emerging diseases, COVID-19: An overview","volume":"26","author":"Khalil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev. Nutr. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.3390\/microbiolres15030111","article-title":"Microbial-derived carotenoids and their health benefits","volume":"15","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2115002","article-title":"Carotenoid fates in plant foods: Chemical changes from farm to table and nutrition","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Longvah, T., Anantan, I., Bhaskarachary, K., Venkaiah, K., and Longvah, T. (2017). Indian Food Composition Tables, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research Hyderabad."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4154381","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4154381","article-title":"Variation of Phenolics (Bound and Free), Minerals, and Antioxidant Activity of Twenty-Eight Wild Edible Fruits of Twenty-Three Species from Far North Region of Cameroon","volume":"2021","author":"Koubala","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.11.135","article-title":"Carotenoid composition of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits","volume":"199","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5334","DOI":"10.1021\/jf900547e","article-title":"Cloning and expression analysis of carotenogenic genes during ripening of autumn olive fruit (Elaeagnus umbellata)","volume":"57","author":"Guo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.09.083","article-title":"Carotenoid composition of berries and leaves from six Romanian sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) varieties","volume":"147","author":"Pop","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4709","DOI":"10.1021\/jf205347f","article-title":"Determination of carotenoids, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of Araz\u00e1 (Eugenia stipitata McVaugh), an Amazonian fruit","volume":"60","author":"Kopec","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2015.01.006","article-title":"Antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds of four Brazilian native fruits","volume":"23","author":"Denardin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Drug Anal."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, R., Yang, Y., Hu, Y., Yin, L., Qu, P., Wang, P., Mu, X., Zhang, S., Xie, P., and Cheng, C. (2023). Comparison of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in differentially pigmented Cerasus humilis fruits. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28176272"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albert, R.M. (2021). Rosaceae fruits as a valuable source of carotenoids: A review. What to Know About Carotenoids, Nova Science Publishers.","DOI":"10.52305\/BVBS1249"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.11.029","article-title":"Phytochemical and antioxidant characterization of mamey (Pouteria sapota Jacq. HE Moore & Stearn) fruit","volume":"44","author":"Yahia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2020.112692","article-title":"Phytochemical profiles, nutritional constituents and antioxidant activity of black wolfberry (Lycium ruthenicum Murr.)","volume":"154","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.017","article-title":"Vitamin E: Emerging aspects and new directions","volume":"102","author":"Galli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2008","article-title":"Vitamin E: Regulatory redox interactions","volume":"71","author":"Miyazawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.017","article-title":"Vitamins C and E: Beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective","volume":"51","author":"Traber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201200162","article-title":"Wild edible fruits as a potential source of phytochemicals with capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation","volume":"115","author":"Morales","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.10.016","article-title":"Strawberry-tree, blackthorn and rose fruits: Detailed characterisation in nutrients and phytochemicals with antioxidant properties","volume":"120","author":"Barros","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3101","DOI":"10.1021\/jf000891u","article-title":"Alpha-tocopherol content in 62 edible tropical plants","volume":"49","author":"Ching","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2011.02.023","article-title":"Nutritional properties of commercially grown native Australian fruits: Lipophilic antioxidants and minerals","volume":"44","author":"Konczak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1021\/jf00070a038","article-title":"Tocopherols and tocotrienols in Finnish foods: Vegetables, fruits, and berries","volume":"34","author":"Piironen","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6136","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020421v","article-title":"Effects of different origins and harvesting time on vitamin C, tocopherols, and tocotrienols in sea buckthorn (Hippopha\u00eb rhamnoides) berries","volume":"50","author":"Kallio","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6277","DOI":"10.1021\/jf101394w","article-title":"Studies on chemical constituents and bioactivity of Rosa micrantha: An alternative antioxidants source for food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic applications","volume":"58","author":"Barros","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.5897\/AJFS12.045","article-title":"Nutrient composition and micronutrient potential of three wildly grown varieties of African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) from Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Adepoju","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr. J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2009.04.033","article-title":"Lupeol, a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer dietary triterpene","volume":"285","author":"Saleem","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.201300425","article-title":"Cold-pressed Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach) seed oil as a rich source of \u03b1-tocopherol, carotenoids and phenolics: A comparison of the composition and antioxidant activity with nine other plant oils","volume":"116","author":"Siger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2005.02.003","article-title":"Phytosterols\u2014Health benefits and potential concerns: A review","volume":"25","author":"Kritchevsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7534","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FO00665H","article-title":"Underutilized Canadian wild berries as potential sources of lipophilic bioactive compounds with antihypertensive properties","volume":"15","author":"Kodikara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le\u00f3n, L., De la Rosa, R., Velasco, L., and Belaj, A. (2018). Using wild olives in breeding programs: Implications on oil quality composition. Front. Plant Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.00232"},{"key":"ref_108","first-page":"908","article-title":"The pentacyclic triterpenoids in herbal medicines and their pharmacological activities in diabetes and diabetic complications","volume":"20","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3rna\u015b, P., L\u0101cis, G., Mi\u0161ina, I., and Ikase, L. (2023). Tocopherols in cultivated apple Malus sp. seeds: Composition, variability and specificity. Plants, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12051169"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zieli\u0144ska, A., Kubasiewicz, K., W\u00f3jcicki, K., Silva, A.M., Nunes, F.M., Szalata, M., S\u0142omski, R., Eder, P., and Souto, E.B. (2020). Two-and Three-Dimensional Spectrofluorimetric Qualitative Analysis of Selected Vegetable Oils for Biomedical Applications. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25235608"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onolbaatar, O., Dashbaldan, S., P\u0105czkowski, C., and Szakiel, A. (2025). Fruit and Fruit-Derived Products of Selected Sambucus Plants as a Source of Phytosterols and Triterpenoids. Plants, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14101490"},{"key":"ref_112","first-page":"55","article-title":"Fatty Acid Profiles, Physicochemical Characteristics and Phytosterols of Three Underexploited Fruit Kernels and Pulps from North-East, Nigeria","volume":"4","author":"Aremu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lafia J. Sci. Ind. Res."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.5586\/asbp.3539","article-title":"Triterpenoid profile of fruit and leaf cuticular waxes of edible honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica","volume":"86","author":"Becker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Soc. Bot. Pol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.139640","article-title":"Comprehensive gas chromatography with mass spectrometry analysis of sterols in red goji berries (Lycium sp.)","volume":"453","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"459","article-title":"Patterns of lipid biomarkers in the fruit of Bupleurum L. growing wild in Turkey","volume":"150","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Biosyst.-Int. J. Deal. All Asp. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.13005\/ojc\/340235","article-title":"Phytosterol Screening of Skin and Seed Extracts of Wild Grape Ampelocissus martinii Planch. Fruits","volume":"34","author":"Simchuer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orient. J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carr, A.C., and Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and immune function. Nutrients, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9111211"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12446","article-title":"Vitamin C: The known and the unknown and Goldilocks","volume":"22","author":"Padayatty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oral Dis."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2014.02.010","article-title":"Nutrient composition of selected traditional United States Northern plains native American plant foods","volume":"34","author":"Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4783029","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4783029","article-title":"Total vitamin C, ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, antioxidant properties, and iron content of underutilized and commonly consumed fruits in Sri Lanka","volume":"2020","author":"Abeysuriya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2017.06.046","article-title":"The role of wild fruits and vegetables in delivering a balanced and healthy diet","volume":"99","author":"Bvenura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_122","first-page":"1102","article-title":"The nutrient composition of some edible wild fruits found in the Transvaal","volume":"40","author":"Wehmeyer","year":"1966","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vdovina, T., Lagus, O., Vinokurov, A., Aimenova, Z., and Sumbembayev, A. (2025). Assessment of Biochemical Composition of Fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides (Elaeagnaceae juss.), Viburnum opulus (Viburnaceae raf.) and Lonicera caerulea subsp. altaica (Caprifoliaceae juss.). Metabolites, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15040256"},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parimelazhagan, T. (2015). Pharmacological Assays of Plant-Based Natural Products, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26811-8"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ai.2019.11.007","article-title":"Metalloimmunology: The metal ion-controlled immunity","volume":"145","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-398397-8.00009-5","article-title":"Mineral intake","volume":"108","author":"Stathopoulou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afzal, S., Sirohi, P., Sharma, D., and Singh, N.K. (2020). Micronutrient movement and signalling in plants from a biofortification perspective. Plant Micronutrients: Deficiency and Toxicity Management, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49856-6_7"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haghighatdoost, F., Mohammadifard, N., and Sarrafzadegan, N. (2023). Trace Minerals. Handbook of Food Bioactive Ingredients: Properties and Applications, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-28109-9_29"},{"key":"ref_129","first-page":"30","article-title":"Beneficial or hazardous? A comprehensive study of 24 elements from wild edible plants from Angola","volume":"96","author":"Weigand","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Bot. Food Qual."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02194083","article-title":"Evaluation of mineral elements and ascorbic acid contents in fruits of some wild plants","volume":"41","author":"Eromosele","year":"1991","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.07.017","article-title":"Comparative studies on the nutritive and anti-nutritive properties of fruits in selected Berberis species of West Himalaya, India","volume":"44","author":"Andola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1006\/jfca.1997.0539","article-title":"Amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral composition of 24 indigenous plants of Burkina Faso","volume":"10","author":"Glew","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-2-88","article-title":"Dietary fiber, organic acids and minerals in selected wild edible fruits of Mozambique","volume":"2","author":"Magaia","year":"2013","journal-title":"SpringerPlus"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480050029700","article-title":"Energy and micronutrient composition of dietary and medicinal wild plants consumed during drought. Study of rural Fulani, Northeastern Nigeria","volume":"51","author":"Lockett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"115","article-title":"Physico-chemical properties of palmyra palm (Borassus aethiopum Mart.) fruits from Northern Cameroon","volume":"4","author":"Ali","year":"2010","journal-title":"Afr. J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-20612008000400013","article-title":"Teores de prote\u00edna e minerais de esp\u00e9cies nativas, potenciais hortali\u00e7as e frutas","volume":"28","author":"Kinupp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1006\/jfca.1999.0843","article-title":"Nutrient and chemical composition of 13 wild plant foods of Niger","volume":"13","author":"Cook","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"195","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of nutritional composition of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) fruits from two locations","volume":"20","author":"Olujobi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Niger. J. Basic Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.02.003","article-title":"Mineral content of tropical fruits and unconventional foods of the Andes and the rain forest of Colombia","volume":"95","author":"Leterme","year":"2006","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_140","unstructured":"Matute Jaramillo, L.P., and Tirado Valladares, B.G. (2025, December 12). An\u00e1lisis Bromat\u00f3logico de Vasconcellea pulchra VM Badillo y Vasconcellea x heilbornii VM Badillo Procedentes de la Provincia Bol\u00edvar, Ecuador. Available online: https:\/\/dspace.ups.edu.ec\/handle\/123456789\/6008."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e20291","article-title":"Macro and trace element compositions and physicochemical parameters of guajiru fruits (Chrysobalanus icaco l.) from two Brazilian states","volume":"9","author":"Tavares","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.11.035","article-title":"Nutritional composition of minor indigenous fruits: Cheapest nutritional source for the rural people of Bangladesh","volume":"140","author":"Shajib","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_143","unstructured":"Sidibe, M., and Williams, J.T. (2002). Baobab, Adansonia digitata L., Crops for the Future."},{"key":"ref_144","unstructured":"Mukah, F.E., Osuagwu, G., Ogbu, M.D., Nnamani, R.C., and Ugwu, L.C. (2025, November 04). Comparative Proximate, Vitamins, Minerals and Phytochemical Analysis of Cola rostrata K. Schum. and Cola parchycarpa K. Schum. Available online: https:\/\/publications.africanscientistjournal.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-05\/afs2023010-24116.pdf."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.11.150","article-title":"Chemical characterization and evaluation of antioxidant properties of A\u00e7a\u00ed fruits (Euterpe oleraceae Mart.) during ripening","volume":"133","author":"Gordon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.09.033","article-title":"Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Gaylussacia brasiliensis (camarinha) grown in Brazil","volume":"44","author":"Bramorski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02860785","article-title":"Ethnobotanical studies on wild edible fruits in Southern Yunnan: Folk names; nutritional value and uses","volume":"53","author":"Jin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Econ. Bot."},{"key":"ref_148","unstructured":"Paul, A. (2026, March 10). Minor and Uncultivated Fruits of Eastern India. Available online: http:\/\/ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk\/xmlui\/handle\/iruor\/13311."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cox-Georgian, D., Ramadoss, N., Dona, C., and Basu, C. (2019). Therapeutic and medicinal uses of terpenes. Medicinal Plants: From Farm to Pharmacy, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-31269-5_15"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2020.1833032","article-title":"Comparison between essential oil compositions of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. fruits grown at different altitudes and populations in Nepal","volume":"23","author":"Phuyal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.79104","article-title":"Ficus hispida Linn.: A review of its pharmacognostic and ethnomedicinal properties","volume":"5","author":"Ali","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Rev."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murthy, H.N., Dalawai, D., Dewir, Y.H., and Ibrahim, A. (2020). Phytochemicals and biological activities of Garcinia morella (Gaertn.) Desr.: A review. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25235690"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al Kazman, B.S., Harnett, J.E., and Hanrahan, J.R. (2022). Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Annonacae. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27113462"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822014000300009","article-title":"Chemical composition of essential oil from ripe fruit of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and evaluation of its activity against wild strains of hospital origin","volume":"45","author":"Cole","year":"2014","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e41146","article-title":"Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris (Roxb.) BL Burtt & AW Hill): A review on traditional uses, chemical constituents and biological activities","volume":"11","author":"Rai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_156","first-page":"228","article-title":"A review on biosynthesis, regulation, and applications of terpenes and terpenoids","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Phytochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2174\/2212798411103010009","article-title":"Use of terpenoids as natural flavouring compounds in food industry","volume":"3","author":"Caputi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Food Nutr. Agric."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2984","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2023.2219757","article-title":"Current trends of analytical techniques for bioactive terpenoids: A review","volume":"54","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6810","article-title":"Inferring the origin of rare fruit distillates from compositional data using multivariate statistical analyses and the identification of new flavour constituents","volume":"95","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2013.764187","article-title":"Changes in content and constituents of essential oil in different plant parts of Lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch. Cv. Budakalaszi) cultivated in Iran","volume":"16","author":"Heidarpour","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrientos, R.E., Ahmed, S., Cort\u00e9s, C., Fern\u00e1ndez-Galleguillos, C., Romero-Parra, J., Simirgiotis, M.J., and Echeverr\u00eda, J. (2020). Chemical fingerprinting and biological evaluation of the endemic Chilean fruit Greigia sphacelata (Ruiz and Pav.) Regel (Bromeliaceae) by UHPLC-PDA-orbitrap-mass spectrometry. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25163750"},{"key":"ref_162","first-page":"148","article-title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oil of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) HJ Lam from Gabon","volume":"2","author":"Obame","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2014.987145","article-title":"Chemical composition of essential oils from the vegetative and reproductive structures of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf","volume":"29","author":"Portella","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2001068","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202001068","article-title":"Chemical characterization, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the edible fruits of Brosimun gaudichaudii Tr\u00e9cul, a native plant of the Cerrado biome","volume":"18","author":"Mickely","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Popovi\u0107, Z., Mati\u0107, R., Stefanovi\u0107, M., Vidakovi\u0107, V., and Bojovi\u0107, S. (2020). Biodiversity of wild fruits with medicinal potential in Serbia. Biodiversity and Biomedicine, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819541-3.00010-4"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2022.2064491","article-title":"Nutritional composition, polyphenolic compounds and biological activities of marula fruit (Sclerocarya birrea) with its potential food applications: A review","volume":"25","author":"Mashau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sagbas, H.I., Ilhan, G., Zitouni, H., Anjum, M.A., Hanine, H., Necas, T., Ondrasek, I., and Ercisli, S. (2020). Morphological and biochemical characterization of diverse strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) genotypes from northern Turkey. Agronomy, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy10101581"},{"key":"ref_168","first-page":"76","article-title":"Nutritional and phytochemical assessment of wild edible fruit of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) used by the tribes of Bhiwapur Tahsil Nagpur district, India","volume":"8","author":"Laddha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ait Lhaj, Z., Bchitou, R., Gaboun, F., Abdelwahd, R., Benabdelouahab, T., Kabbour, M.R., Pare, P., Diria, G., and Bakhy, K. (2021). Moroccan strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) fruits: Nutritional value and mineral composition. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10102263"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2020.109576","article-title":"Dietary fiber chemical structures and physicochemical properties of edible Pouteria glomerata fruits, native from Brazilian Pantanal","volume":"137","author":"Ballard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.12944\/CRNFSJ.8.2.05","article-title":"Physicochemical characterization of pectin extracted from six wild edible fruits in Odisha, India","volume":"8","author":"Patra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Nutr. Food Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.afnr.2019.02.002","article-title":"Dietary fiber sources and human benefits: The case study of cereal and pseudocereals","volume":"Volume 90","author":"Morales","year":"2019","journal-title":"Advances in Food and Nutrition Research"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitchumoni, C.S., Pitchumoni, C.S., Pitchumoni, C.S., and Ghidey, F.Y. (2012). Dietary Fiber in Health and Disease. Geriatric Gastroenterology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1623-5_21"},{"key":"ref_174","first-page":"48","article-title":"The implications of dietary fiber","volume":"15","author":"Bastin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Agro Food Ind. Hi Tech"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665119000673","article-title":"Dietary fibre and cardiovascular health: A review of current evidence and policy","volume":"79","author":"Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barber, T.M., Kabisch, S., Pfeiffer, A.F., and Weickert, M.O. (2020). The health benefits of dietary fibre. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103209"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.4.523","article-title":"Polysaccharide immunomodulators as therapeutic agents: Structural aspects and biologic function","volume":"13","author":"Tzianabos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.103514","article-title":"Insoluble dietary fiber from five commercially cultivated edible mushrooms: Structural, physiochemical and functional properties","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7895","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2023.2193651","article-title":"Dietary fiber modification: Structure, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and application\u2014A review","volume":"64","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394294-4.00005-5","article-title":"Fiber: Composition, structures, and functional properties","volume":"68","author":"Sims","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zamuz, S., Pateiro, M., Conte-Junior, C.A., Dom\u00ednguez, R., Nawaz, A., Walayat, N., and Lorenzo, J.M. (2022). Fat and fatty acids. Food Lipids, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-823371-9.00012-5"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602004000200013","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in edible wild plants","volume":"37","author":"Simopoulos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/1082013211427798","article-title":"Fatty acids profiles of some Spanish wild vegetables","volume":"18","author":"Morales","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol. Int."},{"key":"ref_184","first-page":"583","article-title":"Lipid and fatty acid composition of wild and cultivated red raspberry fruits (Rubus idaeus L.)","volume":"3","author":"Celik","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Res."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bse.2003.11.010","article-title":"Essential oil and fatty acid composition of the fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Sea Buckthorn) and Myrtus communis L. from Turkey","volume":"32","author":"Cakir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Syst. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guil-Guerrero, J.L., and Torija-Isasa, M.E. (2016). Fatty acid profiles of Mediterranean wild edible plants. Mediterranean Wild Edible Plants: Ethnobotany and Food Composition Tables, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3329-7_8"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.3109\/09637486.2013.821695","article-title":"Nutritional and antioxidant properties of wild edible plants and their use as potential ingredients in the modern diet","volume":"64","author":"Romojaro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1111\/nure.12114","article-title":"Dietary factors affecting polyphenol bioavailability","volume":"72","author":"Bohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matemu, A.O., Adeyemi, D., Nyoni, H., Mdee, L., Tshabalala, P., Mamba, B., and Msagati, T.A. (2017). Fatty acid composition of dried fruits of Sclerocarya birrea, Diospyros blancoi and Landolphia kirkii. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14111401"},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murthy, H.N., Yadav, G.G., Joseph, K.S., HS, S.K., Magi, S.M., Dewir, Y.H., and Mendler-Drienyovszki, N. (2024). Nutritional value, fatty acid and phytochemical composition, and antioxidant properties of Mysore Fig (Ficus drupacea Thunb.) fruits. Foods, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13172845"},{"key":"ref_191","first-page":"25","article-title":"Nutritional Composition and fatty acids profile of Ficus exasperata fruit and fruit oil","volume":"4","author":"Bello","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2010.10.005","article-title":"Exotic fruits as a source of important phytochemicals: Improving the traditional use of Rosa canina fruits in Portugal","volume":"44","author":"Barros","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.5586\/asbp.2005.029","article-title":"Fatty acids composition in fruits of wild rose species","volume":"74","author":"Nowak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Soc. Bot. Pol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-042110-103854","article-title":"Plant defense against herbivores: Chemical aspects","volume":"63","author":"Boland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Plant Biol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.5897\/AJB2007.000-2294","article-title":"Levels of antinutritional factors in some wild edible fruits of Northern Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Umaru","year":"2007","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_196","unstructured":"Edmonds, J.M., and Chweya, J.A. (1997). Black Nightshades: Solanum nigrum L. and Related Species, Bioversity International."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s43014-020-0020-5","article-title":"Plant food anti-nutritional factors and their reduction strategies: An overview","volume":"2","author":"Samtiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Prod. Process. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9947841","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9947841","article-title":"Naturally occurring plant food toxicants and the role of food processing methods in their detoxification","volume":"2023","author":"Urugo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9980936","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9980936","article-title":"Nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of five wild edible fruits grown in the Mekdela District, South of Wollo, Ethiopia","volume":"2024","author":"Yiblet","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2023.2198679","article-title":"Phytochemicals constituents, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity assays of few wild edible fruits of North-East India","volume":"26","author":"Hazarika","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/15538362.2023.2166649","article-title":"Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of selected underutilized wild edible fruits in East Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia","volume":"23","author":"Jiru","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Fruit Sci."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e221111","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2024.e221111","article-title":"Chemical and microbial risk assessment of wild edible plants and flowers","volume":"22","author":"Carpena","year":"2024","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.8085","article-title":"The higher the better? Differences in phenolics and cyanogenic glycosides in Sambucus nigra leaves, flowers and berries from different altitudes","volume":"97","author":"Senica","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-7847.79100","article-title":"A review on Balanites aegyptiaca Del (desert date): Phytochemical constituents, traditional uses, and pharmacological activity","volume":"5","author":"Chothani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Rev."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shetty, K., and Sarkar, D. (2020). Functional Foods and Biotechnology: Biotransformation and Analysis of Functional Foods and Ingredients, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003003793"},{"key":"ref_206","first-page":"276","article-title":"Effect of solvent extraction system on the antioxidant activity of some selected wild edible fruits of Meghalaya state in India","volume":"5","author":"Seal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Chem. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_207","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Phytochemicals, mineral contents and antioxidant property of wild edible fruits of Sikkim Himalaya","volume":"20","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J. Tradit. Knowl. (IJTK)"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2621434","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2621434","article-title":"Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of edible wild fruits from Malawi","volume":"2023","author":"Mwamatope","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1021\/acsfoodscitech.4c00219","article-title":"Correlations between Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Composition in Diverse Red Wines","volume":"4","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s42535-021-00200-6","article-title":"Underutilised fruits of Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve: A potential source of natural antioxidants","volume":"34","author":"Chand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vegetos"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5752","DOI":"10.1039\/D4FO00182F","article-title":"Emerging berries from the Brazilian Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes: New sources of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits","volume":"15","author":"Noguera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, Y., Wei, X., Li, M., Duan, X., Sun, Y., Yang, R., Su, X., Huang, R., and Wang, H. (2018). Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the fruits of a Chinese wild Passiflora foetida. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23020459"},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/S2222-1808(15)60951-3","article-title":"Evaluation and comparison of polyphenols and bioactivities of wild edible fruits of North-West Himalaya, India","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1080\/10496475.2016.1261387","article-title":"Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity properties of selected wild edible fruits of traditional medicinal plants","volume":"23","author":"Tshikalange","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants"},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taver, I.B., Spricigo, P.C., Neto, H.B., de Alencar, S.M., Massarioli, A.P., and Jacomino, A.P. (2022). Bioactive compounds and in vitro antioxidant capacity of cambuci and uvaia: An extensive description of little-known fruits from the Myrtaceae family with high consumption potential. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11172612"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8038","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.70052","article-title":"Investigation of the effect of ethanol on the stability of black rice anthocyanin\/cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in aqueous systems","volume":"105","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2019.1675655","article-title":"Proteins of the fruit pulp of Acca sellowiana have antimicrobial activity directed against the bacterial membranes","volume":"35","author":"Maresca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2024.111044","article-title":"Applications of nanotechnology in essential oil protection to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables: A review","volume":"170","author":"Dias","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.32394\/rpzh\/192206","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Moroccan wild edible plants selected based on ethnobotanical evidence","volume":"75","author":"Aboukhalaf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biswas, S.C., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Das, S., Misra, T.K., and Dey, D. (2022). Nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of the wild edible fruits of Tripura, Northeast India. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su141912194"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-4337.2009.00076.x","article-title":"Control of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in fresh-cut fruits and fruit juices by traditional and alternative natural antimicrobials","volume":"8","year":"2009","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-017-0523-3","article-title":"Potential wild edible fruits of Nagaland, North-east India and its significance in the livelihood and nutritional security of rural, indigenous people","volume":"65","author":"Hazarika","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agarwal, V., Singh, S., and Datta, R. (2025). Exploring Traditional Wild Edible Plants, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003395935"},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1788578","article-title":"Sambucus nigra L. fruits and flowers: Chemical composition and related bioactivities","volume":"38","author":"Ferreira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_225","first-page":"1805","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of elder (Sambucus nigra L.) flower or berry against hospital pathogens","volume":"4","author":"Hearst","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Res."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaur, B., Das, D., Panesar, G., Panesar, P.S., Riar, C.S., and Zakaria, Z.A. (2024). Technological and analytical approaches for extraction of bioactive compounds and nutraceuticals from fruit and vegetable processing byproducts. Bioactive Compounds and Nutraceuticals from Plant Sources, Apple Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003455172-6"},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3226","article-title":"Phytochemical profiling, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic extracts of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus indica) fruit and pulp","volume":"11","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kurian, J.T., Balasubramanian, B., Meyyazhagan, A., Pappuswamy, M., Alanazi, A.M., Rengasamy, K.R., Arumugam, V.A., Sebastian, J.K., and Chen, J. (2023). One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Garcinia gummi-gutta: Characterisation, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Cancerous and Photocatalytic Applications. Front. Biosci.-Landmark, 28.","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2808169"},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-025-04553-6","article-title":"Phyto-mediated green synthesis and characterization of anti-mucormycotic silver nanoparticles from fruit extract of Garcinia gummi-gutta and Garcinia indica: A novel biofabrication approach for combating mucormycosis pathogens","volume":"15","author":"Basaiah","year":"2025","journal-title":"3 Biotech"},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.15414\/jmbfs.2019.8.6.1335-1339","article-title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and mineral content of Arbutus unedo (Leaves And Fruits)","volume":"8","author":"Asmaa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15799","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191015799","article-title":"Arbutus unedo L.: Chemical and biological properties","volume":"19","author":"Miguel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_232","unstructured":"Satashia, S.A., Pandya, N., and Ruwala, S.S. (2026, March 10). An Overview of Berries\u2019 Bioactive Components. Available online: https:\/\/www.ijraset.com\/research-paper\/berries-bioactive-components."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neamtu, A., Szoke-Kovacs, R., Mihok, E., Georgescu, C., Turcus, V., Olah, N.K., Frum, A., Tita, O., Neamtu, C., and Szoke-Kovacs, Z. (2020). Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extracts comparative analysis regarding their phytonutrient profiles, antioxidant capacity along with the in vivo rescue effects tested on a Drosophila melanogaster high-sugar diet model. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9111067"},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solcan, M., Vlase, A., Marc, G., Muntean, D., Casian, T., Nad\u0103\u0219, G.C., Novac, C.\u0218., Popa, D., and Vlase, L. (2024). Antimicrobial effectiveness of Ribes nigrum L. Leaf extracts prepared in natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs). Antibiotics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13121118"},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2478\/fhort-2018-0021","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of berries extracts of four Ribes species, their phenolic content and anthocyanin composition","volume":"30","author":"Bendokas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Folia Hortic."},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulzhan, K. (2025). Food applications of pomegranate peel bioactive compounds. Sustainable Applications of Pomegranate Peels, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-22390-7.00001-6"},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Du, J., Wang, H., Zhong, L., Wei, S., Min, X., Deng, H., Zhang, X., Zhong, M., and Huang, Y. (2025). Bioactivity and biomedical applications of pomegranate peel extract: A comprehensive review. Front. Pharmacol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1569141"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8850339","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8850339","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate peel and its applications on food preservation","volume":"2020","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Qual."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.47430\/ujmr.25103.034","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Adansonia digitata Leaf Extract against Gastrointestinal Bacterial Isolates","volume":"10","author":"Muhammad","year":"2025","journal-title":"UMYU J. Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_240","first-page":"101681","article-title":"Potential of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) dried fruit pulp in contributing to food and nutrient security in Sudan and Senegal","volume":"19","author":"Ahmed","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s43014-024-00283-z","article-title":"Nutritional and pharmacological attributes of baobab fruit pulp","volume":"6","author":"Abdulwaliyu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Prod. Process. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2024.1755","article-title":"Antibacterial and antioxidant activities in various parts of Artocarpus lacucha Buch. Ham. ethanolic extract","volume":"20","author":"Pertiwi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Rep."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202300479","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202300479","article-title":"Exploring the chemical and biological potential of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) leaves: A comprehensive review","volume":"20","author":"Kumari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_244","first-page":"159","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic Potential of Syzygium cumini","volume":"2","author":"Ramakrishna","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharma Insights Res."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.13471","article-title":"Antifungal activity of Syzygium samarangense leaf extracts against Candida","volume":"73","author":"Raj","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_246","first-page":"281","article-title":"Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antifungal, and Antibiofilm Activities of Four Malaysian Syzygium Species","volume":"14","author":"Rahim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. NanoBioSci."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-025-01886-6","article-title":"Chromatographic fingerprinting and antibiofilm effect of Ziziphus jujuba fraction on Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"15","author":"Turkey","year":"2025","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.1021\/jf4007032","article-title":"The jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit: A review of current knowledge of fruit composition and health benefits","volume":"61","author":"Gao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aurori, M., Niculae, M., Hanganu, D., Pall, E., Cenariu, M., Vodnar, D.C., Bunea, A., Fi\u0163, N., and Andrei, S. (2023). Phytochemical profile, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytoprotective effects of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruit extracts. Pharmaceuticals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16030420"},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dzydzan, O., Brodyak, I., Struga\u0142a-Danak, P., Strach, A., Kucharska, A.Z., Gabrielska, J., and Sybirna, N. (2022). Biological activity of extracts of red and yellow fruits of Cornus mas L.\u2014An in vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity, inhibitory activity against \u03b1-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, and binding capacity to human serum albumin. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27072244"},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taleghani, A., Eghbali, S., Moghimi, R., and Mokaber-Esfahani, M. (2024). Crataegus pentagyna willd. Fruits, leaves and roots: Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. BMC Complement. Med. Ther., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-024-04430-4"},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1958215","article-title":"Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Crataegus monogyna leaves\u2019 extracts","volume":"36","author":"Belabdelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miljkovi\u0107, V.M., Nikoli\u0107, L., Mrmo\u0161anin, J., Gaji\u0107, I., Mihajilov-Krstev, T., Zvezdanovi\u0107, J., and Miljkovi\u0107, M. (2024). Chemical profile and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Rosa canina L. dried fruit commercially available in Serbia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052518"},{"key":"ref_254","first-page":"51","article-title":"Determination of the Antimicrobial Potential of Naturally Grown Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Fruit in the Giresun Region","volume":"8","author":"Tatar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Black Sea J. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.53445\/batd.1618598","article-title":"Phytochemistry and biological activities of the genus Rubus","volume":"6","author":"Oylumlu","year":"2025","journal-title":"B\u00fct\u00fcnleyici Anadolu T\u0131bb\u0131 Derg."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khalesi, M., Esteghlal, S., Khatib, N., and Mohammadi, N. (2026). Berries application as nutraceutical and functional foods. Berries and Nutrition, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-443-33935-6.00023-0"},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1177\/18785093241283261","article-title":"Rubus ulmifolius schott: A comprehensive review of its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological effects","volume":"14","author":"Mehiou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Berry Res."},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bramki, A., Benouchenne, D., Salvatore, M.M., Benslama, O., Andolfi, A., Rahim, N., Moussaoui, M., Ramoul, S., Nessah, S., and Barboucha, G. (2024). In vitro and in silico biological activities investigation of ethyl acetate extract of Rubus ulmifolius schott leaves collected in Algeria. Plants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13233425"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2016.1251390","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, and food legumes: A review","volume":"58","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yahfoufi, N., Alsadi, N., Jambi, M., and Matar, C. (2018). The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of polyphenols. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111618"},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Majdan, M., and Bobrowska-Korczak, B. (2022). Active compounds in fruits and inflammation in the body. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122496"},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zafra-Stone, S., Bagchi, M., and Bagchi, D. (2007). Health Benefits of Edible Berry Anthocyanins: Novel Antioxidant and Anti-Angiogenic Properties, ACS Publications.","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-2007-0956.ch022"},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.05.082","article-title":"Nutraceutical potential of Byrsonima cydoniifolia fruits based on chemical composition, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperalgesic activities","volume":"237","author":"Nascimento","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.21010\/ajtcam.v11i6.8","article-title":"Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the water extract from Terminalia chebula Rezt","volume":"11","author":"Sireeratawong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.05.012","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Heracleum persicum essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract in animal models","volume":"124","author":"Hajhashemi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2021.07.020","article-title":"Bioactive compounds and biological activities of Elaegnus latifolia L.: An underutilized fruit of North-East Himalaya, India","volume":"145","author":"Dasila","year":"2022","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_267","first-page":"543","article-title":"Effects of Aristotelia chilensis berry juice on cyclooxygenase 2 expression, NF-kB, NFAT, ERK1\/2 and PI3K\/Akt activation in colon cancer cells","volume":"10","author":"Ojeda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bolet\u00edn Latinoam. Caribe Plantas Med. Arom\u00e1ticas"},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.8077","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of Berberis vulgaris and its constituent berberine, experimental and clinical, a review","volume":"38","author":"Shakeri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kowalska, K., Dembczy\u0144ski, R., and Olejnik, A. (2025). Immunomodulatory Effect of Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Fruit Extracts on Activated Macrophages and Dysfunctional Vascular Endothelial Cells. Nutrients, 17.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202501.2309.v1"},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blando, F., Albano, C., Jim\u00e9nez-Mart\u00ednez, C., and Cardador-Mart\u00ednez, A. (2022). Opuntia, ficus-indica [L.] Mill. and Other Species: Source of Bioactives and Their Molecular Mechanisms of Action to Promote Human Health. Molecular Mechanisms of Functional Food, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119804055.ch7"},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Belahcene, S., Kebsa, W., Omoboyowa, D.A., Alshihri, A.A., Alelyani, M., Bakkour, Y., and Leghouchi, E. (2023). Unveiling the chemical profiling antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of algerian Myrtus communis L. essential oils, and exploring molecular docking to predict the inhibitory compounds against cyclooxygenase-2. Pharmaceuticals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16101343"},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.152958","article-title":"Rosa canina\u2013Rose hip pharmacological ingredients and molecular mechanics counteracting osteoarthritis\u2013A systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Gruenwald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1358\/mf.2009.31.2.1353876","article-title":"Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of Solanum nigrum aqueous extract in animal models","volume":"31","author":"Zakaria","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-019-03138-x","article-title":"Cannabimimetic plants: Are they new cannabinoidergic modulators?","volume":"249","author":"Kumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.32598\/IJT.16.2.888.1","article-title":"Sambucus nigra Synergizes Cisplatin to Improve Apoptosis and Metabolic Disorders, and Reduce Drug Resistance in Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines","volume":"16","author":"Roshankhah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Iran. J. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiselova-Kaneva, Y., Nashar, M., Roussev, B., Salim, A., Hristova, M., Olczyk, P., Komosinska-Vassev, K., Dincheva, I., Badjakov, I., and Galunska, B. (2023). Sambucus Ebulus (Elderberry) fruits modulate inflammation and complement system activity in humans. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24108714"},{"key":"ref_277","first-page":"E18761429385248","article-title":"Mechanistic Insights into Isorhamnetin: Targeting MAPK and NF-\u03baB Pathways to Mitigate LPS-induced Inflammation","volume":"17","author":"Alqudah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.56198","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae Water Extract are regulated by the STAT\/NF-\u03baB pathway and HO-1 expression in Virus-infected RAW264. 7 cells","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1080\/08923973.2024.2358770","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of proanthocyanidins from blueberry through NF-\u03ba\u03b2\/NLRP3 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"ref_280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3774","DOI":"10.1039\/D5FO00549C","article-title":"Fruits native to South America: A narrative review of biological properties and chemical profile","volume":"16","author":"Saliba","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202301888","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.202301888","article-title":"Therapeutic Potential of Cornus Genus: Navigating Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Clinical Studies, and Advanced Delivery Approaches","volume":"21","author":"Badoni","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_282","first-page":"983609","article-title":"Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum Extract Suppresses Ultraviolet B-Induced Cell Damage via Absorption of Radiation and Inhibition of Oxidative Stress","volume":"2013","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magiera, A., Czerwi\u0144ska, M.E., Owczarek, A., Marchelak, A., Granica, S., and Olszewska, M.A. (2022). Polyphenols and Maillard reaction products in dried Prunus spinosa fruits: Quality aspects and contribution to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in human immune cells ex vivo. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27103302"},{"key":"ref_284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magiera, A., Czerwi\u0144ska, M.E., Owczarek, A., Marchelak, A., Granica, S., and Olszewska, M.A. (2022). Polyphenol-enriched extracts of Prunus spinosa fruits: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in human immune cells ex vivo in relation to phytochemical profile. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27051691"},{"key":"ref_285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hashem, M.M., Hassanen, E.I., Hassan, N.H., Ibrahim, M.A., Issa, M.Y., Farag, M.A., and Hamdy, S.A. (2025). Physalis peruviana calyces extract ameliorate oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune loss in rats-exposed to hexaflumuron. BMC Complement. Med. Ther., 25.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-025-04750-z"},{"key":"ref_286","first-page":"e3682","article-title":"Goldenberry L.: Phytochemicals and applications in human health","volume":"16","author":"Ramos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agr\u00edc."},{"key":"ref_287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3851","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2022.2152448","article-title":"Vascular effects of Fragaria vesca L. in human arteries","volume":"37","author":"Malheiros","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fierascu, R.C., Temocico, G., Fierascu, I., Ortan, A., and Babeanu, N.E. (2020). Fragaria genus: Chemical composition and biological activities. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25030498"},{"key":"ref_289","first-page":"6","article-title":"Anticancer Screening of Few Wild Edible Fruits in Mizoram, Northeast India using MTT Assay","volume":"1","author":"Ngurthankhumi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J. Agric. Res."},{"key":"ref_290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12294","DOI":"10.1111\/jfbc.12294","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by Sri Lankan endemic mango (Mangifera zeylanica) fruit peel through oxidative stress and analysis of its phytochemical constituents","volume":"41","author":"Ediriweera","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Biochem."},{"key":"ref_291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.17650\/2313-805X-2024-11-3-126-132","article-title":"Antiproliferative effect of wild berries and North-Eastern Siberian bulbous spleen carp on breast cancer cells MCF-7","volume":"11","author":"Egorov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Mol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327914nc5601_12","article-title":"In vivo inhibition of growth of human tumor lines by flavonoid fractions from cranberry extract","volume":"56","author":"Ferguson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poiroux, G., Barre, A., Van Damme, E.J., Benoist, H., and Roug\u00e9, P. (2017). Plant lectins targeting O-glycans at the cell surface as tools for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18061232"},{"key":"ref_294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zak\u0142os-Szyda, M., Nowak, A., Pietrzyk, N., and Pods\u0119dek, A. (2020). Viburnum opulus L. juice phenolic compounds influence osteogenic differentiation in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21144909"},{"key":"ref_295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa039","article-title":"Plants as source of new therapies for endometriosis: A review of preclinical and clinical studies","volume":"27","author":"Meresman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mwaheb, M.A., Reda, N.M., El-Wetidy, M.S., Sheded, A.H., Al-Otibi, F., Al-Hamoud, G.A., Said, M.A., and Aidy, E.A. (2024). Versatile properties of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. flowers: In vitro exploration of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, network pharmacology analysis, and In-silico molecular docking simulation. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313064"},{"key":"ref_297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.2174\/1573407215666190808113341","article-title":"Effect of fruit secondary metabolites on melanoma: A systematic review of in vitro studies","volume":"16","author":"Raphaelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Bioact. Compd."},{"key":"ref_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khwaza, V., Oyedeji, O.O., and Aderibigbe, B.A. (2020). Ursolic acid-based derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents: An update. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21165920"},{"key":"ref_299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5057","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867324666170918123413","article-title":"Perspectives of plant natural products in inhibition of cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating multiple signaling pathways","volume":"25","author":"Sarwar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tramer, F., Ademosun, A.O., Cvorovic, J., Passamonti, S., and Moze, S. (2012). Dietary Anthocyanins: Impact on Colorectal Cancer and Mechanisms of Action, INTECH Open Access Publisher.","DOI":"10.5772\/27678"},{"key":"ref_301","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, S.I.H. (2018). The Effect of Plant Extracts in Human Prostate Cells: Implications in Cancer. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior]."},{"key":"ref_302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5553","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S535517","article-title":"Mechanistic Insights into Flavonoid Subclasses as Cardioprotective Agents Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"19","author":"Shang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, S.H., and Choi, C. (2019). Pharmacological properties of Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) as a promising nutraceutical resource. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11020437"},{"key":"ref_304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612828666220601151931","article-title":"Utility of indian fruits in cancer prevention and treatment: Time to undertake translational and bedside studies","volume":"28","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4581","article-title":"Dietary (poly) phenolics in human health: Structures, bioavailability, and evidence of protective effects against chronic diseases","volume":"18","author":"Spencer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raucher, D., Rowsey, M., Hinson, J., \u0106orkovi\u0107, I., Lila, M.A., \u0160imunovi\u0107, J., and Kopjar, M. (2024). Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Antiproliferative Potential on Glioblastoma Cells of Selected Stone Fruit Juices. Processes, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/pr12071310"},{"key":"ref_307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12389","article-title":"A review on the dietary flavonoid tiliroside","volume":"17","author":"Grochowski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf."},{"key":"ref_308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2022.2157024","article-title":"Effects of dietary phytochemicals on DNA Damage in cancer cells","volume":"75","author":"Ye","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fatima, N., Baqri, S.S.R., Alsulimani, A., Fagoonee, S., Slama, P., Kesari, K.K., Roychoudhury, S., and Haque, S. (2021). Phytochemicals from Indian ethnomedicines: Promising prospects for the management of oxidative stress and cancer. Antioxidants, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10101606"},{"key":"ref_310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11733","DOI":"10.1039\/D2FO01915A","article-title":"Antiproliferative potential of Physalis peruviana-derived magnolin against pancreatic cancer: A comprehensive in vitro and in silico study","volume":"13","author":"Sayed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.102894","article-title":"Phenolic fingerprint, proximate analysis and nutraceutical effects of Garcinia talbotii, an under-utilized functional food endemic to Western Ghats","volume":"54","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-023-09892-x","article-title":"Edible fruits and berries as a source of functional polyphenols: Current scene and future perspectives","volume":"24","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytochem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394294-4.00015-8","article-title":"Cardioprotective properties of kiwifruit","volume":"68","author":"Duttaroy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Habauzit, V., Milenkovic, D., and Morand, C. (2014). Vascular protective effects of fruit polyphenols. Polyphenols in Human Health and Disease, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-398456-2.00068-2"},{"key":"ref_315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, J., Zhou, Y., Li, S., Zhang, P., Zhou, T., Xu, D., and Li, H. (2017). Effects and mechanisms of fruit and vegetable juices on cardiovascular diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030555"},{"key":"ref_316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chukwuma, C.I. (2024). Antioxidative, metabolic and vascular medicinal potentials of natural products in the non-edible wastes of fruits belonging to the Citrus and Prunus genera: A review. Plants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13020191"},{"key":"ref_317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6890","article-title":"Effect of grape and other berries on cardiovascular health","volume":"95","author":"Wightman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keservani, R.K., and Kesharwan, R.K. (2023). Nutraceutical Fruits Used in Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutraceutical Fruits for Human Health, Nova Science Publishers.","DOI":"10.52305\/GXTZ0581"},{"key":"ref_319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/ame2.12522","article-title":"Exploring the neuroprotective benefits of phytochemicals extracted from indigenous edible fruits in Bangladesh","volume":"8","author":"Roy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim. Models Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ntakoulas, D.D., Tsikrika, K., Pasias, I.N., and Proestos, C. (2025). Current Research in Phytonutrient Potential of Wild Edible Plants. Exploring Traditional Wild Edible Plants, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003395935-4"},{"key":"ref_321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.139483","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of berry fruits on neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"9","author":"Subash","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuad065","article-title":"Botanical, nutritional, phytochemical characteristics, and potential health benefits of murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) and tapereb\u00e1 (Spondias mombin): Insights from animal and cell culture models","volume":"82","author":"Almeida","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3582947","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3582947","article-title":"Potency of selected berries, grapes, and citrus fruit as neuroprotective agents","volume":"2020","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giacalone, M., Di Sacco, F., Traupe, I., Pagnucci, N., Forfori, F., and Giunta, F. (2015). Blueberry polyphenols and neuroprotection. Bioactive Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411462-3.00002-3"},{"key":"ref_325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Canoyra, A., Mart\u00edn-Cordero, C., Mu\u00f1oz-Mingarro, D., Le\u00f3n-Gonz\u00e1lez, A.J., Parsons, R.B., and Acero, N. (2024). Corema album Berry Juice as a Protective Agent Against Neurodegeneration. Pharmaceuticals, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17111535"},{"key":"ref_326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Lorenzo, C., Colombo, F., Biella, S., Stockley, C., and Restani, P. (2021). Polyphenols and human health: The role of bioavailability. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010273"},{"key":"ref_327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2013.05.001","article-title":"Benefits of polyphenols on gut microbiota and implications in human health","volume":"24","author":"Cardona","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corr\u00eaa, T.A.F., Rogero, M.M., Hassimotto, N.M.A., and Lajolo, F.M. (2019). The two-way polyphenols-microbiota interactions and their effects on obesity and related metabolic diseases. Front. Nutr., 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2019.00188"},{"key":"ref_329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58863-1","article-title":"Wild blueberry proanthocyanidins shape distinct gut microbiota profile and influence glucose homeostasis and intestinal phenotypes in high-fat high-sucrose fed mice","volume":"10","author":"Daoust","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.101320","article-title":"Functional importance of bioactive compounds of foods with Potential Health Benefits: A review on recent trends","volume":"43","author":"Banwo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"ref_331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saarela, M. (2011). Functional Foods: Concept to Product, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857092557"},{"key":"ref_332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Konstantinidi, M., and Koutelidakis, A.E. (2019). Functional foods and bioactive compounds: A review of its possible role on weight management and obesity\u2019s metabolic consequences. Medicines, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicines6030094"},{"key":"ref_333","unstructured":"Verma, D.K., and Thakur, M. (2021). Phytochemicals in Food and Health: Perspectives for Research and Technological Development, CRC Press."},{"key":"ref_334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3923\/pjn.2011.40.50","article-title":"Wild edible fruits of importance for human nutrition in semi-arid parts of East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia: Associated indigenous knowledge and implications to food security","volume":"10","author":"Feyssa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pak. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ruiz, V., Morales, P., Ruiz-Rodr\u00edguez, B.M., and Isasa, E.T. (2016). Nutrients and bioactive compounds in wild fruits through different continents. Wild Plants, Mushrooms and Nuts: Functional Food Properties and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118944653.ch8"},{"key":"ref_336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devkota, H.P., Paudel, K.R., Khanal, S., Baral, A., Panth, N., Adhikari-Devkota, A., Jha, N.K., Das, N., Singh, S.K., and Chellappan, D.K. (2022). Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.): Nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, and food functional properties. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27165219"},{"key":"ref_337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.focha.2023.100434","article-title":"Insights on bio-functional properties of Myrica esculenta plant for nutritional and livelihood security","volume":"3","author":"Bhatt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Chem. Adv."},{"key":"ref_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0344690","article-title":"Nutrients and antioxidant molecules in yellow plums (Prunus domestica L.) from conventional and organic productions: A comparative study","volume":"52","author":"Lucarini","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1051\/fruits\/2013102","article-title":"Wild blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) andhawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) fruits as valuable sources ofantioxidants","volume":"69","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fruits"},{"key":"ref_340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"04008","DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/202128204008","article-title":"Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. fruits are a source of biologically active substances and high-quality feedstock for Food for Specific Health Use","volume":"282","author":"Dunaevskaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"E3S Web Conf."},{"key":"ref_341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.01.070","article-title":"Carotenoids, polyphenols and micronutrient profiles of Brassica oleraceae and plum varieties and their contribution to measures of total antioxidant capacity","volume":"155","author":"Kaulmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_342","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s43897-025-00188-6","article-title":"Carotenoid biosynthesis in Prunus species: From pathway and accumulation structure to diverse pigmentation","volume":"6","author":"Baz","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_343","first-page":"123","article-title":"Methods to determine antioxidative capacity in fruit","volume":"14","author":"Vangdal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Fruit Ornam. Plant Res."},{"key":"ref_344","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2011.11.003","article-title":"Variation in total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. selections from Mediterranean region of Turkey","volume":"134","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"ref_345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C388","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3841.2012.02624.x","article-title":"Antioxidant activities and major anthocyanins of myrobalan plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.)","volume":"77","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_346","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture (2025, December 02). Plums, Raw. FoodData Central, Available online: http:\/\/fdc.nal.usda.gov."},{"key":"ref_347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barola, A., Bahukhandi, A., Kabdwal, N.C., and Kapoor, T. (2024). Effects of Ripening Status on Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Nutritional Quality of Unexplored High-Value Wild Edible Fruit Himalayan Bayberry (Myrica esculenta) from the Indian Himalayan Region. Nonthermal Food Processing, Safety, and Preservation, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394186631.ch19"},{"key":"ref_348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-024-00607-y","article-title":"Edible Berries-An Update on Nutritional Composition and Health Benefits-Part I","volume":"14","author":"Jain","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Nutr. Rep."},{"key":"ref_349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-024-00606-z","article-title":"Edible berries-an update on nutritional composition and health benefits-part III","volume":"14","author":"Sivapragasam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Nutr. Rep."},{"key":"ref_350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kenchappa, P.G., Vijendra, P.D., Kumar, H.V., and Swamy, P.H.M. (2025). Plant-Based Foods for the Management of Cancer. Functional Compounds and Foods of Plant Origin, Apple Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003640042-19"},{"key":"ref_351","first-page":"103817","article-title":"Seasonal fluctuations in fatty acid profile and biochemical traits of edible deep-water shrimp Heterocarpus woodmasoni","volume":"79","author":"Gayathri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"ref_352","unstructured":"Soccol, C.R., Brar, S.K., de Melo Pereira, G.V., and de Souza Vandenberghe, L.P. (2024). Unconventional Functional Fermented Beverages: Practices and Technologies, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_353","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrera, T., Iriondo-DeHond, M., Ramos Sanz, A., Bautista, A.I., and Miguel, E. (2023). Effect of wild strawberry tree and hawthorn extracts fortification on functional, physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of yogurt. Foods, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12183332"},{"key":"ref_354","first-page":"253","article-title":"Potential health benefits of rose hip products","volume":"690","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Hortic."},{"key":"ref_355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mar\u010deti\u0107, M., Samard\u017ei\u0107, S., Ili\u0107, T., Bo\u017ei\u0107, D.D., and Vidovi\u0107, B. (2022). Phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-enzymatic, antimicrobial and prebiotic properties of Prunus spinosa L. fruits. Foods, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11203289"},{"key":"ref_356","first-page":"62","article-title":"Phytochemical profile and biological properties of pulp and peel extracts of Docynia indica (Wall.) Decne\u2013An endemic wild fruit of North East India","volume":"9","author":"Sangeetha","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Environ. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/15538362.2023.2205533","article-title":"Morphological, Nutritional, Chemical and Antioxidant Potential of Mahonia Jaunsarensis Ahrendt Fruit: A Narrow Endemic Wild Edible Species of Western Himalaya","volume":"23","author":"Bisht","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Fruit Sci."},{"key":"ref_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hopfstock, P., Romero-Parra, J., Winterhalter, P., G\u00f6k, R., and Simirgiotis, M. (2024). In vitro inhibition of enzymes and antioxidant and chemical fingerprinting characteristics of Azara serrata Ruiz & Pav. fruits, an endemic plant of the Valdivian forest of Chile. Plants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13192756"},{"key":"ref_359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monroy-Garc\u00eda, I.N., Carranza-Torres, I.E., Carranza-Rosales, P., Oy\u00f3n-Ardoiz, M., Garc\u00eda-Est\u00e9vez, I., Ayala-Zavala, J.F., Mor\u00e1n-Mart\u00ednez, J., and Viveros-Valdez, E. (2021). Phenolic profiles and biological activities of extracts from edible wild fruits Ehretia tinifolia and Sideroxylon lanuginosum. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10112710"},{"key":"ref_360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devkota, H.P., Belwal, T., and Bhatt, I.D. (2023). Nutraceuticals from Himalayan fruits and berries: Opportunities and challenges. Himalayan Fruits and Berries, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85591-4.00046-5"},{"key":"ref_361","first-page":"113","article-title":"Fruits as nutraceuticals","volume":"23","author":"Dolkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Environ. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nyoni, M., Mahuni, C., Ngirande, C., Sithole, M.N., Mukoko, F.T., Tavengana, E.V., Zambuko, J.C., Moyo, S., Chitsiku, R.L., and Mupanda, L. (2024). The Untapped Potential of Wild and Underutilized Fruits in the Development of Novel Commercial Products in Africa. Food Security and Nutrition, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003469766-25"},{"key":"ref_363","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s12231-008-9055-2","article-title":"Eco\u2013enterprises and Terminalia ferdinandiana: \u201cbest laid plans\u201d and Australian policy lessons","volume":"63","author":"Cunningham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Econ. Bot."},{"key":"ref_364","first-page":"363","article-title":"Developments in nutraceuticals","volume":"35","author":"Dureja","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulati, K., Thokchom, S.K., Joshi, J.C., and Ray, A. (2021). Regulatory guidelines for nutraceuticals in India: An overview. Nutraceuticals, Academic Press.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-821038-3.00074-4"},{"key":"ref_366","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/15528014.2015.1043103","article-title":"Exploring the practice of traditional wild plant collection in Lebanon","volume":"18","author":"Marouf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Cult. Soc."},{"key":"ref_367","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5035","DOI":"10.13057\/biodiv\/d231009","article-title":"Diversity and use of wild edible fruits in the Bukit Rimbang-Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, Kampar, Riau, Indonesia","volume":"23","author":"Syamsuardi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biodivers. J. Biol. Divers."},{"key":"ref_368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-024-00735-3","article-title":"Ethnobotany study on wild edible plants used by the Tujia ethnic group in Laifeng, southwest Hubei, China","volume":"20","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_369","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1007\/s10722-012-9799-5","article-title":"Studies on wild edible fruits of Mizoram, India used as ethno-medicine","volume":"59","author":"Hazarika","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genet. Resour. Crop Evol."},{"key":"ref_370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-018-0278-8","article-title":"Wild edible plants used by communities in and around selected forest reserves of Teso-Karamoja region, Uganda","volume":"15","author":"Ojelel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s11676-014-0513-7","article-title":"Bioinventory and documentation of traditional ecological knowledge of wild edible fruits of Kodagu-Western Ghats, India","volume":"25","author":"Karun","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. For. Res."},{"key":"ref_372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devi, O.S., and Ghosh, S. (2024). The Ubiquitous Dhekia and Its \u2018deep roots\u2019 to Nurture People\u2019s Lives: A Case of Urban Foraging from Assam. Urban Foraging in the Changing World, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-0345-6_17"},{"key":"ref_373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-6-12","article-title":"Uses, traditional management, perception of variation and preferences in ackee (Blighia sapida KD Koenig) fruit traits in Benin: Implications for domestication and conservation","volume":"6","author":"Sinsin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_374","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40066-018-0163-7","article-title":"Uses of wild edible plants in Quara district, northwest Ethiopia: Implication for forest management","volume":"7","author":"Tebkew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agric. Food Secur."},{"key":"ref_375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furlan, V., Pochettino, M.L., and Hilgert, N.I. (2017). Management of fruit species in urban home gardens of Argentina Atlantic Forest as an influence for landscape domestication. Front. Plant Sci., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01690"},{"key":"ref_376","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s43014-023-00220-6","article-title":"Himalayan fruit and circular economy: Nutraceutical potential, traditional uses, challenges and opportunities","volume":"6","author":"Ritika","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Prod. Process. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_377","unstructured":"Kumar, H., Bora, B., Rather, M.A., Naik, B., Kumar, V., Ranjan, R., and Gupta, A.K. (2024). Traditional and Underutilized Fruits and Vegetables for Attaining Zero Hunger. Food Production, Diversity, and Safety Under Climate Change, Springer."},{"key":"ref_378","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13002-024-00741-5","article-title":"Utilitarian diversity and options for the sustainable use of the bush banana Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. in Benin (West Africa)","volume":"21","author":"Idohou","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed."},{"key":"ref_379","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Owolodun, B., and Merten, S. (2023). Food security from the forest: The case of the commodification of baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata L.) in Boundou Region, Senegal. Land, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/land12071423"},{"key":"ref_380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1002\/ppp3.10434","article-title":"Multigenerational differences in harvesting and use of wild edible fruits and nuts in the South Caucasus","volume":"6","author":"Faruk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plants People Planet"},{"key":"ref_381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6500","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2022.2121407","article-title":"Himalayan wild fruits as a strong source of nutraceuticals, therapeutics, food and nutrition security","volume":"39","author":"Semwal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peerzada, I.A., Islam, M.A., Masoodi, T.H., Gangoo, S.A., Sofi, P.A., Malik, A.R., Mushtaq, T., Pala, N.A., Nisa, M.M.U., and Bilal, T. (2024). Contribution of Underutilized Wild Edibles Extracted from Urban Landscapes for Food Security and Socio-Ecological Resilience in Kashmir. Urban Foraging in the Changing World, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-0345-6_7"},{"key":"ref_383","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-010-9966-y","article-title":"Non-timber forest products (NTFPs): A viable option for biodiversity conservation and livelihood enhancement in central Himalaya","volume":"20","author":"Negi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biodivers. Conserv."},{"key":"ref_384","first-page":"69","article-title":"Participatory action research framework and approaches for promoting non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in central Himalaya, Uttarakhand","volume":"32","author":"Maikhuri","year":"2009","journal-title":"Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940082918758662","DOI":"10.1177\/1940082918758662","article-title":"Influence of land-use changes (1993 and 2013) in the distribution of wild edible fruits from Veracruz (Mexico)","volume":"11","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trop. Conserv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_386","first-page":"255","article-title":"Vegetation patterns in Kyrgyzstan\u2019s walnut-fruit forests under the impact of changing forest use in post-soviet transformation","volume":"141","author":"Borchardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Die Erde Z. Ges. Erdkd. Berl."},{"key":"ref_387","unstructured":"AOAC (2007). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Association of Official Analytical Chemists. [18th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3923\/rjb.2011.58.67","article-title":"Nutritional composition of wild edible fruits in Meghalaya state of India and their ethno-botanical importance","volume":"6","author":"Seal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Res. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_389","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Assessment of Nutrient Composition and utilization of some popular wild Edible fruits of Kumaun Himalayan Region as Anti-oxidant agents","volume":"27","author":"Pandey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Zool. India"},{"key":"ref_390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1002\/fsat.3603_12.x","article-title":"Food analysis: A practical guide","volume":"36","author":"Crew","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nielsen, S.S. (2024). Introduction to food analysis. Nielsen\u2019s Food Analysis, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-50643-7_1"},{"key":"ref_392","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez, B.S., Ram\u00edrez, A.G., Rostagno, M.A., and Herrera-Herrera, A.V. (2024). Introduction to Food Analysis. Sustainable Analytical Techniques in Food Science, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_393","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asfaw, T.B., Tadesse, M.G., Tessema, F.B., Woldemariam, H.W., Legesse, B.A., Esho, T.B., Bachheti, A., Al-Huqail, A.A., Taher, M.A., and Zouidi, F. (2023). Optimization, identification, and quantification of selected phenolics in three underutilized exotic edible fruits using HPTLC. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15129568"},{"key":"ref_394","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2023.105330","article-title":"Elemental analysis in food: An overview","volume":"120","author":"Ibourki","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6419","article-title":"Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health","volume":"33","author":"Durazzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_396","first-page":"1","article-title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity, nutritional value, antinutritional value and phytochemical screening of Pyracantha crenulata fruit","volume":"26","author":"Saklani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res."},{"key":"ref_397","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2024.141031","article-title":"Phytochemical composition, simulated digestive bioaccessibility and cytotoxicity of Ficus auriculata Lour. fruits: In vitro and in silico insights","volume":"463","author":"Jenipher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_398","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70037","DOI":"10.1002\/efd2.70037","article-title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted in the Past 118 Years on Global Prospective, Scientific Mapping, and Emerging Trends in Wild Fruits","volume":"6","author":"Gargi","year":"2025","journal-title":"eFood"},{"key":"ref_399","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9388.2011.00703.x","article-title":"The Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity","volume":"20","author":"Buck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev. Eur. Community Int. Environ. Law"},{"key":"ref_400","unstructured":"Chemat, F., and Vorobiev, E. (2019). Green Food Processing Techniques: Preservation, Transformation and Extraction, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s13538-022-01132-5","article-title":"Recent advances in the application of nanotechnology to reduce fruit and vegetable losses during post-harvest","volume":"52","author":"Bertolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Braz. J. Phys."},{"key":"ref_402","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19603","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19603","article-title":"Application of nanotechnology in fruit crops\u2014From synthesis to sustainable packaging","volume":"13","author":"Ramya","year":"2025","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_403","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochx.2024.101664","article-title":"Green synthesized silver nanoparticles, a sustainable approach for fruit and vegetable preservation: An overview","volume":"23","author":"Lieu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chem. X"},{"key":"ref_404","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2174\/1874070701913010068","article-title":"Antinutrients in plant-based foods: A review","volume":"13","author":"Popova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-013-0978-y","article-title":"Reduction of phytic acid and enhancement of bioavailable micronutrients in food grains","volume":"52","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_406","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adebo, O.A., and Gabriela Medina-Meza, I. (2020). Impact of fermentation on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of whole cereal grains: A mini review. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25040927"},{"key":"ref_407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2006.12.014","article-title":"Conservation and sustainable use of crop wild relatives","volume":"121","author":"Heywood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Agric. Ecosyst. Environ."}],"container-title":["Foods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/15\/6\/1106\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T09:16:27Z","timestamp":1774257387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2304-8158\/15\/6\/1106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"references-count":407,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["foods15061106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods15061106","relation":{},"ISSN":["2304-8158"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2304-8158","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]}}}