{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T07:07:58Z","timestamp":1793084878979,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030986","name":"Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030986","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Consumer preference for clean-label products is driving interest in natural antioxidants and antimicrobials that can replace synthetic preservatives. Ziziphus mauritiana (sidr), a resilient desert tree native to the arid Gulf region, has being tested as a multifunctional bio-preservative. This study evaluated the extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and poultry meat-preserving potential of Z. mauritiana. Methanol and ethanol produced the highest extract recoveries, with bark exhibiting the maximum extraction yield of up to 10.7 mg\/100 g. Fruits demonstrated the highest total phenolic content (TPC) of around 175 mg gallic acid equivalents per gram (GAE\/g) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of around 7.4 mg catechin equivalents per gram (CE\/g), followed by leaves and bark. The antioxidant activity was significantly correlated with the concentration of phenolic compounds in the fruit extracts, which exhibited DPPH inhibition exceeding 60% in the majority of instances. The RP-HPLC investigation revealed a diverse polyphenolic profile, predominantly featuring gallic acid (up to 8.77 mg\/g in leaves), catechin (6.30 mg\/g in fruits), catechol, and caffeic acid. Leaf extracts showed 24 mm inhibitory zones against E. coli and Y. enterocolitica, while bark and fruit were not very effective. Adding ethanolic leaf extract (0\u20131%) to chicken breast meat reduced microbial degradation during chilled storage at 4 \u00b0C. At day 15, total aerobic counts reached only 5.34 log CFU\/g with 1% extract compared with 8.53 log CFU\/g in the control. Similar suppression was found for yeasts and molds, while challenge tests showed &gt;3-log reductions in C. jejuni and Salmonella senftenberg. Sensory evaluation confirmed no detrimental effects on color, odor, flavor, or texture. Overall, Z. mauritiana was a valuable, renewable source of phenolic antioxidants and antimicrobial agents and showed strong promise as a natural preservative capable of improving the safety and shelf life of poultry meat in clean-label applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15071193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T14:59:01Z","timestamp":1775055541000},"page":"1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Poultry Meat Preservation Potential of Ziziphus mauritiana"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0760-5945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Gamal","family":"Shehata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Research Section, Applied Research and Capacity Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi 52150, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Food Technology Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTACity), New Borg El-Arab 21934, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan Mohamed Al","family":"Marzooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Research Section, Applied Research and Capacity Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanan Sobhy","family":"Afifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Research Section, Applied Research and Capacity Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi 52150, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9741-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saad H. D.","family":"Masry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Research Section, Applied Research and Capacity Building Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Al Ain 52150, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Plant Protection and Molecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTACity), Alexandria 21934, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-025-07464-6","article-title":"Natural Plant Antioxidants for Food Preservation and Emerging Trends in Nutraceutical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Parveen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discov. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altanam, S.Y., Darwish, N., and Bakillah, A. (2025). 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