{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:16:18Z","timestamp":1785417378188,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["72573152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72573152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["72573152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72573152"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Foundation from Ministry of Education of China","award":["2024JZDZ059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JZDZ059"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Rising incomes worldwide are reshaping dietary patterns and intensifying concern about the carbon impacts of household food consumption. This study examines how economic development influences food-related carbon emissions in China, with a focus on household food consumption behavior and dietary change. Methods: Using longitudinal household data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey covering 2004\u20132011, we apply a panel threshold regression model to identify nonlinear income effects on food-related carbon emissions. Results: Within the 2004\u20132011 sample, household income is positively associated with food-related emissions, but the marginal effect declines once income exceeds the estimated threshold. The baseline model identifies a single threshold at 6.5479 (95% confidence interval: [6.4965, 6.5917]), corresponding to 65,479 yuan in annual household income. The single-threshold test is significant at the 5% level (p = 0.035), and the adjusted R2 is 0.243. Income growth significantly increases the consumption of greenhouse-gas-intensive foods and associated emissions among low-income households, whereas food consumption patterns among high-income households are comparatively more stable within the sample period. Conclusions: These findings indicate that rising income can intensify food-related carbon pressure during China\u2019s dietary transition, particularly through dietary upgrading among low-income households, but they do not provide direct evidence that household food emissions will stabilize automatically over time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15071251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T08:09:00Z","timestamp":1775549340000},"page":"1251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is There an Environmental Kuznets Curve for Food-Related Carbon Emissions? Evidence from China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1769-7422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zilong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy for Rural Development, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiehong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Academy for Rural Development, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, Qufu Normal University, Room 720, 80 Yantai North Road, Rizhao 276826, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Nabuurs, G.-J., Mrabet, R., Abu Hatab, A., Bustamante, M., Clark, H., Havl\u00edk, P., House, J., Mbow, C., Ninan, K.N., and Popp, A. 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