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This review critically examines Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a highly efficient and versatile technological platform for the sustainable recovery of specialty lipids and secondary metabolites. By analysing the thermodynamic foundations of the supercritical state, the study explores how the tuneable density and transport properties of supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) facilitate molecular preservation compared to conventional solvent-based methods. The discussion focuses on the mechanistic aspects of the process, including the role of green co-solvents in overcoming polarity barriers and the application of kinetic models to describe mass transfer phenomena in complex matrices. Unlike general surveys, this work integrates technical-economic considerations with critical analysis of SFE\u2019s role within a multi-stage biorefinery framework, essential for aligning economic profitability with the ecological mandate of strategic molecular recovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15101692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:33:37Z","timestamp":1778589217000},"page":"1692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Supercritical Fluid Extraction to Valorise Fruit and Vegetable by-Products"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4426-655X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriana","family":"De Feo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Humanistic Studies, Letters, Cultural Heritage, Educational Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Arpi, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4944-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amalia","family":"Conte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Humanistic Studies, Letters, Cultural Heritage, Educational Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Arpi, 71121 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8978-6449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo Alessandro","family":"Del Nobile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, Management and Territory, University of Foggia, Via A. da Zara, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chemat, F., Vian, M.A., Ravi, H.K., Khadhraoui, B., Hilali, S., Perino, S., and Fabiano Tixier, A.S. 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