{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:05:07Z","timestamp":1789707907007,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ACT250065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACT250065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["ACT250065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACT250065"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ap3w078","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019586","name":"Arturo Prat University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UAP23992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UAP23992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["UAP23992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UAP23992"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01hrxxx24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Developing sustainable paradigms for nanomaterial synthesis is essential to reduce the environmental impact of conventional chemical routes. Herein, we report a green, phytochemically mediated synthesis of MnFe2O4NPs using aqueous grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel extracts. The bioflavonoid and polyphenolic constituents functioned as dual-functional biogenic reducing and stabilizing agents. FTIR analysis verified spinel lattice metal\u2013oxygen bonds and surface-bound biogenic groups, while SEM imaging revealed the surface morphology and structural aggregation of the nanoparticles. Once integrated into an electroanalytical platform (MnFe2O4NPs\/GCE), the modified interface exhibited robust electrocatalytic activity toward sulfite oxidation in an acetate buffer (pH = 4.0). Mixed-valence dynamics (Mn2+\/Mn3+ and Fe2+\/Fe3+) significantly amplified anodic currents and lowered the kinetic overpotential. Under optimized chronoamperometric conditions, the sensor demonstrated a wide linear range (1\u2013100 \u03bcM, r = 0.999), a low detection limit (LOD = 0.045 \u03bcM), a limit of quantification (LOQ = 0.136 \u03bcM) and excellent selectivity against co-existing ionic and organic interferents. This study provides a simple, eco-friendly, and technically robust strategy for fabricating high-performance electrochemical platforms for food and environmental monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15183260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:33:42Z","timestamp":1789479222000},"page":"3260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MnFe2O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Citrus paradisi Extract: A Novel Green Platform for High-Sensitivity Electrochemical Sulfite Detection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tomas","family":"Tapia-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bionanomateriales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada e Innovaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Tapia-Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bionanomateriales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada e Innovaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7449-6334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9911-1488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnoldo","family":"Vizcarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Alta Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristofer","family":"Gaete-Collao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bionanomateriales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada e Innovaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6680-5311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mari\u00f1a","family":"Castroagud\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8543-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erico R.","family":"Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bionanomateriales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliro","family":"Villacorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bionanomateriales, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada e Innovaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-7168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Patricio","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Saravia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada e Innovaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Campus Huayquique, Av. Arturo Prat s\/n, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202500402","DOI":"10.1002\/aesr.202500402","article-title":"Emerging Heterogeneous Catalysis for Valorization of Biomass-Derived Platform Molecules: The Systematic Review Toward Sustainable Biorefinery Applications","volume":"7","author":"Lakhani","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Sustain. 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