{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:49:44Z","timestamp":1791607784904,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry Open Science Project","award":["KSUZDSYS202501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSUZDSYS202501"]}]},{"name":"Kashi Rregional Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["KS2024004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KS2024004"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2025ZYGXZR097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZYGXZR097"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Natural Science Funds For Excellent Young Scholar","award":["2026A1515030068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026A1515030068"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Rural Science and Technology Commissioner Project","award":["2025D04J0025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025D04J0025"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research & Development Program of China","award":["2024YFF1105602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFF1105602"]}]},{"name":"Yunnan Fu Xiong Expert Workstation","award":["202405AF140094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202405AF140094"]}]},{"name":"Zhuhai Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2320004002608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2320004002608"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foods"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The gut microbiota may contribute to the anti-diabetic effects of mulberry polyphenols (MPs), although the associated spatial microbial patterns and metabolic alterations remain unclear. We investigated microbiota composition in fecal, cecal, and colonic samples and temporal changes in fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) during an 8-week MP intervention in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice using 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography. MPs effectively reduced fasting blood glucose and improved diabetes-associated pathological alterations. Spatially, MP administration was associated with distinct changes in the ascending colonic microecology, characterized by an increased relative abundance of Allobaculum in the lumen and a 23.17% reduction in the relative abundance of mucosa-associated Helicobacter. At the phylum level, MPs increased fecal Bacteroidetes by 7.16% and reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the cecal, transverse, and descending colonic contents (decreased by 17.03%, 27.24%, and 15.08%, respectively). Temporally, MP administration was associated with time-dependent changes in fecal SCFA concentrations, especially acetate, butyrate, and isobutyrate. Collectively, MP administration was associated with improved glycemic control and coordinated spatial microbial alterations and temporal SCFA changes, characterized by pronounced microbial compositional changes in the ascending-colon region and time-dependent increases in SCFA concentrations over time. These findings provide insights into polyphenol-associated microbiota alterations and support further investigation of the microbial and metabolic responses to MPs in T2DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/foods15193568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:26:53Z","timestamp":1791458813000},"page":"3568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mulberry Polyphenols Ameliorate Metabolic Abnormalities Accompanied by Spatial Microbial and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Alterations in Type 2 Diabetic Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Ping-Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0685-2381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdulla","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"},{"name":"South China University of Technology-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China"},{"name":"Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2178-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China"},{"name":"School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"},{"name":"South China University of Technology-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, Zhuhai 519175, China"},{"name":"Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.141949","article-title":"Fructus Mori polysaccharides modulate the axial distribution of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites to improve symptoms of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"307","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. 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