{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:11:09Z","timestamp":1790863869500,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cLactate-triggered shape adaptive scaffold for advanced bone tissue regeneration: Injectable applications\u201d by MES RK","award":["AP14869460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP14869460"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Terminology is pivotal for facilitating clear communication and minimizing ambiguity, especially in specialized fields such as chemistry. In materials science, a subset of chemistry, the term \u201cpore\u201d is traditionally linked to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature, which categorizes pores into \u201cmicro\u201d, \u201cmeso\u201d, and \u201cmacro\u201d based on size. However, applying this terminology in closely-related areas, such as 3D bioprinting, often leads to confusion owing to the lack of consensus on specific definitions and classifications tailored to each field. This review article critically examines the current use of pore terminology in the context of 3D bioprinting, highlighting the need for reassessment to avoid potential misunderstandings. We propose an alternative classification that aligns more closely with the specific requirements of bioprinting, suggesting a tentative size-based division of interconnected pores into \u2018parvo\u2019-(d &lt; 25 \u00b5m), \u2018medio\u2019-(25 &lt; d &lt; 100 \u00b5m), and \u2018magno\u2019-(d &gt; 100 \u00b5m) pores, relying on the current understanding of the pore size role in tissue formation. The introduction of field-specific terminology for pore sizes in 3D bioprinting is essential to enhance the clarity and precision of research communication. This represents a step toward a more cohesive and specialized lexicon that aligns with the unique aspects of bioprinting and tissue engineering.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10020153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T11:23:57Z","timestamp":1708341837000},"page":"153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Reasoning on Pore Terminology in 3D Bioprinting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Trifonov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1142-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmer","family":"Shehzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariza","family":"Mukasheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9320-2131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Moazzam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3694-0355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana","family":"Akilbekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1701161","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201701161","article-title":"Recent Advances in Extrusion-Based 3D Printing for Biomedical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Placone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. 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