{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:15:41Z","timestamp":1791497741545,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]],"date-time":"2024-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Sofia","award":["D-212\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D-212\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Resveratrol could be applied in wound healing therapies because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. However, the main limitation of resveratrol is its low aqueous solubility. In this study, resveratrol was included in hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin complexes and further formulated in Pluronic F-127 hydrogels for wound treatment therapy. IR-spectroscopy and XRD analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of resveratrol into complexes. The wound-healing ability of these complexes was estimated by a scratch assay on fibroblasts, which showed a tendency for improvement of the effect of resveratrol after complexation. The antimicrobial activity of resveratrol in aqueous dispersion and in the complexes was evaluated on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans strains. The results revealed a twofold decrease in the MIC and stronger inhibition of the metabolic activity of MRSA after treatment with resveratrol in the complexes compared to the suspended drug. Furthermore, the complexes were included in Pluronic hydrogel, which provided efficient drug release and appropriate viscoelastic properties. The formulated hydrogel showed excellent biocompatibility which was confirmed via skin irritation test on rabbits. In conclusion, Pluronic hydrogel containing resveratrol included in hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin complexes is a promising topical formulation for further studies directed at wound therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10050346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T06:31:58Z","timestamp":1716186718000},"page":"346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Incorporation of Resveratrol-Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Complexes into Hydrogel Formulation for Wound Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3456-7027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyubomira","family":"Radeva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1029-9870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yordan","family":"Yordanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6059-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivanka","family":"Spassova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1799-0851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Kovacheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivanka Pencheva-El","family":"Tibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8548-5649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya M.","family":"Zaharieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1740-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mila","family":"Kaleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3221-2545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hristo","family":"Najdenski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5777-2066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petar D.","family":"Petrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6722-6766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Tzankova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2704-3054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krassimira","family":"Yoncheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2060","article-title":"Therapeutic Potential of Resveratrol: The in Vivo Evidence","volume":"5","author":"Baur","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13601","article-title":"The Impact of Resveratrol on Skin Wound Healing, Scarring, and Aging","volume":"19","author":"Hecker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2020.10.016","article-title":"Resveratrol Accelerates Wound Healing by Attenuating Oxidative Stress-Induced Impairment of Cell Proliferation and Migration","volume":"47","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66118","DOI":"10.5812\/modernc.66118","article-title":"The Angiogenetic Effect of Resveratrol on Dermal Wound Healing in Balb\/C Mice","volume":"14","author":"Afshar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod. Care J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pignet, A.-L., Schellnegger, M., Hecker, A., Kohlhauser, M., Kotzbeck, P., and Kamolz, L.-P. (2021). Resveratrol-Induced Signal Transduction in Wound Healing. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312614"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-010-0325-7","article-title":"Antimicrobial Activity and Effects of Resveratrol on Human Pathogenic Bacteria","volume":"26","author":"Paulo","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.02.015","article-title":"Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Resveratrol","volume":"53","author":"Vestergaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2014.958753","article-title":"Pre-Formulation Studies of Resveratrol","volume":"41","author":"Robinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4433","DOI":"10.1021\/jf4003945","article-title":"Enhanced Physical and Oxidative Stabilities of Soy Protein-Based Emulsions by Incorporation of a Water-Soluble Stevioside-Resveratrol Complex","volume":"61","author":"Wan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4662","DOI":"10.1021\/jf2050137","article-title":"Resveratrol Nanoparticle System Improves Dissolution Properties and Enhances the Hepatoprotective Effect of Resveratrol through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2012.07.041","article-title":"Resveratrol Nanodispersion with High Stability and Dissolution Rate","volume":"2","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"LWT Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2013.11.025","article-title":"A Characterization Study of Resveratrol\/Sulfobutyl Ether-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex and in Vitro Anticancer Activity","volume":"115","author":"Venuti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.07.046","article-title":"Solubilizing Steroidal Drugs by \u03b2-Cyclodextrin Derivatives","volume":"531","author":"Schwarz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.06.055","article-title":"Cyclodextrins","volume":"453","author":"Kurkov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braga, S.S. (2019). Cyclodextrins: Emerging Medicines of the New Millennium. Biomolecules, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9120801"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.11.018","article-title":"Cyclodextrins: Structure, Physicochemical Properties and Pharmaceutical Applications","volume":"535","author":"Jansook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"(2017). Report Published in Support of the \u2018Questions and Answers on Cyclodextrins Used as Excipients in Medicinal Products for Human Use\u2019 (EMA\/CHMP\/495747\/2013). EMA\/CHMP\/333892\/2013 Committee for Human Medicinal Products (CHMP), Committee for Human Medicinal Products (CHMP)."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dragicevic, N., and Maibach, H.I. (2015). Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers Chemical Methods in Penetration Enhancement, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-47039-8"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szente, L., Singhal, A., Domokos, A., and Song, B. (2018). Cyclodextrins: Assessing the Impact of Cavity Size, Occupancy, and Substitutions on Cytotoxicity and Cholesterol Homeostasis. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23051228"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saokham, P., Muankaew, C., Jansook, P., and Loftsson, T. (2018). Solubility of Cyclodextrins and Drug\/Cyclodextrin Complexes. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23051161"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.11.051","article-title":"Quercetin\/\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex Embedded Nanofibres: Slow Release and High Solubility","volume":"197","author":"Aytac","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s10847-014-0385-7","article-title":"Investigation of Monoterpenes Complexation with Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin","volume":"80","author":"Kfoury","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2018.04.019","article-title":"Coumestrol\/Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Association Incorporated in Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Hydrogel Exhibits Wound Healing Effect: In Vitro and in Vivo Study","volume":"119","author":"Bianchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2021.1964543","article-title":"Bioadhesive Hydrogel Comprising Bilirubin\/\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Promote Diabetic Wound Healing","volume":"59","author":"Yao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12915","article-title":"Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin-Containing Hydrogel Enhances Skin Formononetin Permeation\/Retention","volume":"70","author":"Dias","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2017.11.016","article-title":"Alginate-Based Hydrogel Containing Minoxidil\/Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex for Topical Alopecia Treatment","volume":"107","author":"Lopedota","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Argenziano, M., Haimhoffer, A., Bastiancich, C., Jicsinszky, L., Caldera, F., Trotta, F., Scutera, S., Alotto, D., Fumagalli, M., and Musso, T. (2019). In Vitro Enhanced Skin Permeation and Retention of Imiquimod Loaded in \u03b2-Cyclodextrin Nanosponge Hydrogel. Pharmaceutics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11030138"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2021.102609","article-title":"Inclusion Complex of Thymol and Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin (HP-\u03b2-CD) in Polymeric Hydrogel for Topical Application: Physicochemical Characterization, Molecular Docking, and Stability Evaluation","volume":"64","author":"Garg","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Surowiecka, A., Stru\u017cyna, J., Winiarska, A., and Korzeniowski, T. (2022). Hydrogels in Burn Wound Management\u2014A Review. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8020122"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.311","article-title":"Alginate Hydrogel Dressings for Advanced Wound Management","volume":"162","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5097","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S255937","article-title":"Alginate Hydrogels with Embedded ZnO Nanoparticles for Wound Healing Therapy","volume":"15","author":"Cleetus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7533","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA13510F","article-title":"A Functional Chitosan-Based Hydrogel as a Wound Dressing and Drug Delivery System in the Treatment of Wound Healing","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101808","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202101808","article-title":"One-Step Synthesis of Multifunctional Chitosan Hydrogel for Full-Thickness Wound Closure and Healing","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2020.04.014","article-title":"Photo-Responsive Supramolecular Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Accelerated Wound Healing","volume":"323","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Della Sala, F., Longobardo, G., Fabozzi, A., di Gennaro, M., and Borzacchiello, A. (2022). Hyaluronic Acid-Based Wound Dressing with Antimicrobial Properties for Wound Healing Application. Appl. Sci., 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/app12063091"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.117213","article-title":"Polydopamine-Incorporated Dextran Hydrogel Drug Carrier with Tailorable Structure for Wound Healing","volume":"253","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7060","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c17744","article-title":"Antifouling Antioxidant Zwitterionic Dextran Hydrogels as Wound Dressing Materials with Excellent Healing Activities","volume":"13","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-21174-7","article-title":"Development of a Bacterial Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Cell Carrier Containing Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts for Full-Thickness Wound Healing","volume":"8","author":"Loh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.040","article-title":"Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Hydrogel for Wound Dressing: Fabrication, Characterization and in Vitro Evaluation","volume":"111","author":"Hassan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaharieva, M.M., Kaleva, M., Kroumov, A., Slavkova, M., Benbassat, N., Yoncheva, K., and Najdenski, H. (2022). Advantageous Combinations of Nanoencapsulated Oregano Oil with Selected Antibiotics for Skin Treatment. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122773"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y. (2020). Hydrogels Based on Natural Polymers, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.2174\/092986732716200604094035"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50376","DOI":"10.1002\/app.50376","article-title":"Synthetic Hydrogels: Synthesis, Novel Trends, and Applications","volume":"138","author":"Madihally","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689717749032","article-title":"A PEG-Based Hydrogel for Effective Wound Care Management","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Transplant."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450.2017.1295067","article-title":"PVA-PEG Physically Cross-Linked Hydrogel Film as a Wound Dressing: Experimental Design and Optimization","volume":"23","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharm. Dev. Technol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad Shariff, S.H., Daik, R., Haris, M.S., and Ismail, M.W. (2023). Hydrophobic Drug Carrier from Polycaprolactone-b-Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Star-Shaped Polymers Hydrogel Blend as Potential for Wound Healing Application. Polymers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15092072"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3005","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-04230-z","article-title":"Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Properties of Poly(N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone)-Based Hydrogels with Titania Nanoparticles","volume":"55","author":"Timaeva","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russo, E., and Villa, C. (2019). Poloxamer Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11120671"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-015-5493-4","article-title":"Pluronic F-127 Hydrogel as a Promising Scaffold for Encapsulation of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells","volume":"26","author":"Diniz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7279","DOI":"10.1021\/jf048794e","article-title":"Structural Basis for Antioxidant Activity of Trans-Resveratrol: Ab Initio Calculations and Crystal and Molecular Structure","volume":"52","author":"Caruso","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573909","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.573909","article-title":"Hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-Cyclodextrin-Complexed Resveratrol Enhanced Antitumor Activity in a Cervical Cancer Model: In Vivo Analysis","volume":"12","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, A.F.R., Monteiro, M., Resende, D., Braga, S.S., Coimbra, M.A., Silva, A.M.S., and Cardoso, S.M. (2021). Inclusion Complex of Resveratrol with \u03b3-Cyclodextrin as a Functional Ingredient for Lemon Juices. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10010016"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2022.114962","article-title":"Resveratrol Derivatives: Synthesis and Their Biological Activities","volume":"246","author":"Grau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10847-006-9047-8","article-title":"Host\u2013Guest Interaction Study of Resveratrol with Natural and Modified Cyclodextrins","volume":"55","author":"Bertacche","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Incl. Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2015.1027217","article-title":"Inclusion Complexes of Bendamustine with \u03b2-CD, HP-\u03b2-CD and Epi-\u03b2-CD: In-Vitro and in-Vivo Evaluation","volume":"41","author":"Gidwani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4069","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020115g","article-title":"Detection and Identification of Aqueous Saccharides by Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy","volume":"74","author":"Mrozek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.5937\/savteh1702018S","article-title":"The Improvement of Photostability and Antioxidant Activity of Trans-Resveratrol by Cyclodextrins","volume":"6","author":"Popsavin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Technol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2013.22.8.407","article-title":"Wound Healing and the Role of Fibroblasts","volume":"22","author":"Bainbridge","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00024.2013","article-title":"Fibroblasts and the Ground They Walk on","volume":"28","author":"Tschumperlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"301","article-title":"Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts in Wound Healing","volume":"7","author":"Darby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radeva, L., Stefanova, D., Yordanov, Y., Kamenova, K., Petrov, P.D., Marinova, M.K., Simeonov, S.P., Kondeva-Burdina, M., Tzankova, V., and Yoncheva, K. (2023). Incorporation of Resveratrol in Polymeric Nanogel for Improvement of Its Protective Effects on Cellular and Microsomal Oxidative Stress Models. Gels, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9060450"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2020.1828909","article-title":"New Resveratrol Micelle Formulation for Ocular Delivery: Characterization and in Vitro\/in Vivo Evaluation","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2016.10.029","article-title":"Resveratrol Encapsulation in Core-Shell Biopolymer Nanoparticles: Impact on Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities","volume":"64","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negut, I., Grumezescu, V., and Grumezescu, A.M. (2018). Treatment Strategies for Infected Wounds. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23092392"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoncheva, K., Benbassat, N., Zaharieva, M.M., Dimitrova, L., Kroumov, A., Spassova, I., Kovacheva, D., and Najdenski, H.M. (2021). Improvement of the Antimicrobial Activity of Oregano Oil by Encapsulation in Chitosan\u2014Alginate Nanoparticles. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26227017"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anwer, M.K., Iqbal, M., Muharram, M.M., Mohammad, M., Ezzeldin, E., Aldawsari, M.F., Alalaiwe, A., and Imam, F. (2020). Development of Lipomer Nanoparticles for the Enhancement of Drug Release, Anti-Microbial Activity and Bioavailability of Delafloxacin. Pharmaceutics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12030252"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2009.01763.x","article-title":"Resveratrol and Its Antifungal Activity against Candida Species","volume":"54","author":"Weber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1021\/np5002576","article-title":"Antifungal Activity of Resveratrol Derivatives against Candida Species","volume":"77","author":"Papon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323491","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00102","article-title":"Resveratrol\u2014Potential Antibacterial Agent against Foodborne Pathogens","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuliano, E., Paolino, D., Fresta, M., and Cosco, D. (2018). Mucosal Applications of Poloxamer 407-Based Hydrogels: An Overview. Pharmaceutics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10030159"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00397-005-0014-x","article-title":"Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Behavior of PEO-PPO-PEO Triblock Copolymer Solutions","volume":"45","author":"Hyun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rheol. Acta"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2494.2007.00403_1.x","article-title":"Multicenter Study on Measurement of the Natural pH of the Skin Surface","volume":"30","author":"Segger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Cosmet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuo, S.-H., Shen, C.-J., Shen, C.-F., and Cheng, C.-M. (2020). Role of PH Value in Clinically Relevant Diagnosis. Diagnostics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10020107"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2021.12.013","article-title":"Antibacterial Nanofibers of Pullulan\/Tetracycline-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes for Fast-Disintegrating Oral Drug Delivery","volume":"610","author":"Hsiung","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(98)00052-0","article-title":"Mechanisms of Drug Release from Cyclodextrin Complexes","volume":"36","author":"Stella","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2005.10.044","article-title":"On the Use of the Weibull Function for the Discernment of Drug Re-lease Mechanisms","volume":"309","author":"Papadopoulou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600841015","article-title":"Pharmaceutical and Physical Properties of Paclitaxel (Taxol) Complexes with Cyclodextrins","volume":"84","author":"Sharma","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","unstructured":"(2024, April 23). DIFFRAC.TOPAS. Available online: https:\/\/www.bruker.com\/en\/products-and-solutions\/diffractometers-and-x-ray-microscopes\/x-ray-diffractometers\/diffrac-suite-software\/diffrac-topas.html."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sung, T.-J., Wang, Y.-Y., Liu, K.-L., Chou, C.-H., Lai, P.-S., and Hsieh, C.-W. (2020). Pholiota Nameko Polysaccharides Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration and Reduces ROS Content in H2O2-Induced L929 Cells. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9010065"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.02.026","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium Accelerates Skin Wound Healing: An in Vitro Study of Fibroblast and Keratinocyte Scratch Assays","volume":"316","author":"Walter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.2144\/000112517","article-title":"ImageJ for Microscopy","volume":"43","author":"Collins","year":"2007","journal-title":"BioTechniques"},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"(2006). Clinical Laboratory Testing and In Vitro Diagnostic Test Systems\u2014Susceptibility Testing of Infectious Agents and Evaluation of Performance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Devices\u2014Part 1: Reference Method for Testing the In Vitro Activity of Antimicrobial Agents against Rapidly Growing Aerobic Bacteria Involved in Infectious Diseases. European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (Standard No. ISO 20776\/1-2006)."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-93322006000400008","article-title":"Desenvolvimento e avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da estabilidade f\u00edsica de lo\u00e7\u00f5es O\/A contendo filtros solares","volume":"42","author":"Borghetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Cienc. Farm."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"790","article-title":"Aloe Gel: Manipulation and Characterization of Physical-Chemical Quality Adjustment","volume":"49","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev. Colomb. Cienc. Qu\u00edm. Farm."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2017.04.027","article-title":"Wound Healing Effects of Collagen-Laminin Dermal Matrix Impregnated with Resveratrol Loaded Hyaluronic Acid-DPPC Microparticles in Diabetic Rats","volume":"119","author":"Gokce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"(2010). Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices\u2014Part 10: Tests for Irritation and Skin Sensitization (Standard No. ISO 10993-10:2010)."},{"key":"ref_86","unstructured":"(2006). Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices\u2014Part 2: Animal Welfare Requirements (Standard No. ISO 10993-2:2006)."}],"container-title":["Gels"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/5\/346\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:44:33Z","timestamp":1760107473000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/5\/346"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["gels10050346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/gels10050346","relation":{},"ISSN":["2310-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2310-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,18]]}}}