{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:26:10Z","timestamp":1791325570487,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":212,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Articular cartilage is an avascular tissue with very limited capacity of self-regeneration. Trauma or injury-related defects, inflammation, or aging in articular cartilage can induce progressive degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. There are significant clinical demands for the development of effective therapeutic approaches to promote articular cartilage repair or regeneration. The current treatment modalities used for the repair of cartilage lesions mainly include cell-based therapy, small molecules, surgical approaches, and tissue engineering. However, these approaches remain unsatisfactory. With the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology, tissue engineering provides an opportunity to repair articular cartilage defects or degeneration through the construction of organized, living structures composed of biomaterials, chondrogenic cells, and bioactive factors. The bioprinted cartilage-like structures can mimic native articular cartilage, as opposed to traditional approaches, by allowing excellent control of chondrogenic cell distribution and the modulation of biomechanical and biochemical properties with high precision. This review focuses on various hydrogels, including natural and synthetic hydrogels, and their current developments as bioinks in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering. In addition, the challenges and prospects of these hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering applications are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10070430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T08:31:36Z","timestamp":1719563496000},"page":"430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Hydrogel-Based 3D Bioprinting Technology for Articular Cartilage Regenerative Engineering"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hongji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine (Shenzhen Base), Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory, Institute of Stem Cell, Genomics and Translational Research, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheyuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine (Shenzhen Base), Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory, Institute of Stem Cell, Genomics and Translational Research, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine (Shenzhen Base), Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory, Institute of Stem Cell, Genomics and Translational Research, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine (Shenzhen Base), Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory, Institute of Stem Cell, Genomics and Translational Research, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giorgino, R., Albano, D., Fusco, S., Peretti, G.M., Mangiavini, L., and Messina, C. (2023). Knee Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: What Else Is New? An Update. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076405"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-023-00520-5","article-title":"Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Osteoarthritis\u2014An Updated Review","volume":"12","author":"Sampath","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Obes. Rep."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738115611350","article-title":"Knee Articular Cartilage Repair and Restoration Techniques: A Review of the Literature","volume":"8","author":"Richter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sports Health"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.157","article-title":"Repair and Tissue Engineering Techniques for Articular Cartilage","volume":"11","author":"Makris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1599211","article-title":"Surgical Correction of Articular Damage in the Knee: Osteoarticular Transplantation to Joint Reconstruction","volume":"21","author":"Bai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0255-1","article-title":"Surgical and Tissue Engineering Strategies for Articular Cartilage and Meniscus Repair","volume":"15","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1136\/jisakos-2020-000600","article-title":"Biomaterials for Meniscus and Cartilage in Knee Surgery: State of the Art","volume":"7","author":"Kluyskens","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. ISAKOS"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.7150\/ntno.78611","article-title":"Nanofiber Scaffolds Based on Extracellular Matrix for Articular Cartilage Engineering: A Perspective","volume":"7","author":"Ahmadian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nanotheranostics"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2302293","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302293","article-title":"Nanofiber Composite Microchannel-Containing Injectable Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Regeneration","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5430","DOI":"10.1039\/D2BM00709F","article-title":"Application and Development of 3D Bioprinting in Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deus, I.A., Santos, S.C., Cust\u00f3dio, C.A., and Mano, J.F. (2022). Designing Highly Customizable Human Based Platforms for Cell Culture Using Proteins from the Amniotic Membrane. Biomater. Adv., 134.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2021.112574"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loukelis, K., Helal, Z.A., Mikos, A.G., and Chatzinikolaidou, M. (2023). Nanocomposite Bioprinting for Tissue Engineering Applications. Gels, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels9020103"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruiz-Cantu, L., Gleadall, A., Faris, C., Segal, J., Shakesheff, K., and Yang, J. (2020). Multi-material 3D Bioprinting of Porous Constructs for Cartilage Regeneration. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl., 109.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.110578"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amler, A.K., Dinkelborg, P.H., Schlauch, D., Spinnen, J., Stich, S., Lauster, R., Sittinger, M., Nahles, S., Heiland, M., and Kloke, L. (2021). Comparison of the Translational Potential of Human Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells from Different Bone Entities for Autologous 3D Bioprinted Bone Grafts. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020796"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1039\/D3TB01847D","article-title":"Emerging Perspectives on 3D Printed Bioreactors for Clinical Translation of Engineered and Bioprinted Tissue Constructs","volume":"12","author":"Thangadurai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2303650","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202303650","article-title":"3D Printing of Microenvironment-Specific Bioinspired and Exosome-Reinforced Hydrogel Scaffolds for Efficient Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1053\/joca.2002.0814","article-title":"Quantitative Structural Organization of Normal Adult Human Articular Cartilage","volume":"10","author":"Hunziker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360201","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/360201","article-title":"Computerized Morphometric Analysis of Human Femoral Articular Cartilage","volume":"2012","author":"Goyal","year":"2012","journal-title":"ISRN Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2017.02.001","article-title":"Basic Science of Articular Cartilage","volume":"36","author":"Carballo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Sports Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2018.0122","article-title":"Beyond Cartilage Repair: The Role of the Osteochondral Unit in Joint Health and Disease","volume":"25","author":"Lepage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part. B Rev."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.12.015","article-title":"Articular Fibrocartilage\u2014Why Does Hyaline Cartilage Fail to Repair?","volume":"146","author":"Armiento","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v035a04","article-title":"Extracellular Matrix Fragmentation in Young, Healthy Cartilaginous Tissues","volume":"35","author":"Craddock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.12.003","article-title":"Commentary on Recent Therapeutic Guidelines for Osteoarthritis","volume":"44","author":"Cutolo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jang, S., Lee, K., and Ju, J.H. (2021). Recent Updates of Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment on Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052619"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamaruzaman, H., Kinghorn, P., and Oppong, R. (2017). Cost-Effectiveness of Surgical Interventions for the Management of Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of the Literature. BMC. Musculoskelet. Disord., 18.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1540-2"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1390329","article-title":"Cellular Chondroplasty: A New Technology for Joint Regeneration","volume":"28","author":"Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Knee Surg."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124S","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603520942952","article-title":"Autologous Minced Cartilage Implantation for Treatment of Chondral and Osteochondral Lesions in the Knee Joint: An Overview","volume":"13","author":"Salzmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24614","article-title":"Advanced Decision-Making Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Total Joint Replacement","volume":"38","author":"Jayakumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/2151458515583515","article-title":"The Effect of Advancing Age on Total Joint Replacement Outcomes","volume":"6","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geriatr. Orthop. Surg. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.01.004","article-title":"Model-Based Pain and Function Outcome Trajectory Types for Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroplasty: A Secondary Analysis from a Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"27","author":"Dumenci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.05.014","article-title":"Outcome of Orthopedic Implant Infections Due to Different Staphylococci","volume":"14","author":"Teterycz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B4.BJJ-2018-0991.R3","article-title":"Increased Severity of Anaemia Is Associated with 30-Day Complications Following Total Joint Replacement","volume":"102","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Jt. J."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-018-3541-8","article-title":"Options in Joint-preserving Surgical Treatment of Osteoarthritis","volume":"47","author":"Pastor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"277","article-title":"Implant-associated Joint Infections","volume":"49","author":"Feihl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthopade"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.15283\/ijsc.2015.8.1.48","article-title":"Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Approaches for Cartilage Repair and\/or Regeneration","volume":"8","author":"Mardones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-023-00573-6","article-title":"A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue Engineered Articular Cartilage","volume":"20","author":"Beers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2020.01095","article-title":"Cartilage Tissue Engineering for Craniofacial Reconstruction","volume":"47","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.07.033","article-title":"Pore Architecture Effects on Chondrogenic Potential of Patient-Specific 3-Dimensionally Printed Porous Tissue Bioscaffolds for Auricular Tissue Engineering","volume":"114","author":"Zopf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eftekhari, A., Maleki Dizaj, S., Sharifi, S., Salatin, S., Rahbar Saadat, Y., Zununi Vahed, S., Samiei, M., Ardalan, M., Rameshrad, M., and Ahmadian, E. (2020). The Use of Nanomaterials in Tissue Engineering for Cartilage Regeneration; Current Approaches and Future Perspectives. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020536"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nie, X., Chuah, Y.J., Zhu, W., He, P., Peck, Y., and Wang, D.A. (2020). Decellularized Tissue Engineered Hyaline Cartilage Graft for Articular Cartilage Repair. Biomaterials, 235.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119821"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2023.120650","article-title":"Advances in Mechanically Robust and Biomimetic Polysaccharide-based Constructs for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"308","author":"Baei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matai, I., Kaur, G., Seyedsalehi, A., McClinton, A., and Laurencin, C.T. (2020). Progress in 3D Bioprinting Technology for Tissue\/organ Regenerative Engineering. Biomaterials, 226.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119536"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, T., Liu, Y., Wu, Y., Zhao, M., and Zhao, Y. (2023). Controllable and Biocompatible 3D Bioprinting Technology for Microorganisms: Fundamental, Environmental Applications and Challenges. Biotechnol. Adv., 69.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2023.108243"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lepowsky, E., Muradoglu, M., and Tasoglu, S. (2018). Towards Preserving Post-Printing Cell Viability and Improving the Resolution: Past, Present, and Future of 3D Bioprinting Theory. Bioprinting, 11.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2018.e00034"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillispie, G., Prim, P., Copus, J., Fisher, J., Mikos, A.G., Yoo, J.J., Atala, A., and Lee, S.J. (2020). Assessment Methodologies for Extrusion-Based Bioink Printability. Biofabrication, 12.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab6f0d"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malekpour, A., and Chen, X. (2022). Printability and Cell Viability in Extrusion-Based Bioprinting from Experimental, Computational, and Machine Learning Views. J. Funct. Biomater., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb13020040"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700298","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201700298","article-title":"3D Bioprinting for Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering","volume":"6","author":"Daly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1701161","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201701161","article-title":"Recent Advances in Extrusion-based 3D Printing for Biomedical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Placone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2958","article-title":"3D Bioprinting of Tissues and Organs","volume":"32","author":"Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2174\/187221112800672949","article-title":"Thermal Inkjet Printing in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine","volume":"6","author":"Cui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Drug Deliv. Formul."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.09.032","article-title":"Delivery of Human Fibroblast Cells by Piezoelectric Drop-on-Demand Inkjet Printing","volume":"29","author":"Saunders","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1179\/1743280414Y.0000000040","article-title":"Inkjet Printing Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering: Bioprinting","volume":"59","author":"Saunders","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Mater. Rev."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.03.014","article-title":"3D Printing of Functional Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering","volume":"40","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.07.006","article-title":"Bioprinting a Cardiac Valve","volume":"33","author":"Jana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-004-2620-3","article-title":"Biological Laser Printing of Three Dimensional Cellular Structures","volume":"79","author":"Barron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. A"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2017.10.002","article-title":"3-D Bioprinting Technologies in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Current and Future Trends","volume":"4","author":"Bishop","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Dis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.04.050","article-title":"A Review on Stereolithography and Its Applications in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"31","author":"Melchels","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82102-w","article-title":"Development, Characterization, and Applications of Multi-Material Stereolithography Bioprinting","volume":"11","author":"Grigoryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2015.12.011","article-title":"3D Bioprinting for Engineering Complex Tissues","volume":"34","author":"Mandrycky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1805510","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201805510","article-title":"Bioprinting: 3D Bioprinting: From Benches to Translational Applications","volume":"15","author":"Heinrich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"145","article-title":"Exploring the Patent Landscape and Innovation of Hydrogel-based Bioinks Used for 3D Bioprinting","volume":"16","author":"Fatimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Recent Pat. Drug Deliv. Formul."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.0c00305","article-title":"Hydrogel-Colloid Composite Bioinks for Targeted Tissue Printing","volume":"21","author":"Michel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.119964","article-title":"Alginate Based Hydrogel Inks for 3D Bioprinting of Engineered Orthopedic Tissues","volume":"296","author":"Murab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2000737","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202000737","article-title":"Hyaluronic Acid-Based Bioink Composition Enabling 3D Bioprinting and Improving Quality of Deposited Cartilaginous Extracellular Matrix","volume":"9","author":"Hauptstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.09.002","article-title":"Collagen-alginate as Bioink for Three-dimensional (3D) Cell Printing Based Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"83","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.0c00298","article-title":"3D Bioprinting of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Laden Silk Fibroin Double Network Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Repair","volume":"31","author":"Ni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioconjug. Chem."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.12.015","article-title":"Fabrication of Injectable High Strength Hydrogel Based on 4-arm Star PEG For Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/term.3273","article-title":"Gelatin Methacryloyl as Environment for Chondrocytes and Cell Delivery to Superficial Cartilage Defects","volume":"16","author":"Markovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15118","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms160715118","article-title":"3D-Printed ABS and PLA Scaffolds for Cartilage and Nucleus Pulposus Tissue Regeneration","volume":"16","author":"Rosenzweig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Setayeshmehr, M., Hafeez, S., van Blitterswijk, C., Moroni, L., Mota, C., and Baker, M.B. (2021). Bioprinting Via a Dual-Gel Bioink Based on Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Solubilized Extracellular Matrix towards Cartilage Engineering. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22083901"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.01.010","article-title":"Application of Robotic-assisted in Situ 3D Printing in Cartilage Regeneration with HAMA Hydrogel: An In Vivo Study","volume":"23","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1081\/DDC-120003853","article-title":"Alginate in Drug Delivery Systems","volume":"28","author":"Karlsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.04.021","article-title":"Alginate Biomaterial for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: Progress, Translational Strategies, and Clinical Outlook: From Ocean Algae to Patient Bedside","volume":"96","author":"Ruvinov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Axpe, E., and Oyen, M.L. (2016). Applications of Alginate-Based Bioinks in 3D Bioprinting. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17121976"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-019-02282-5","article-title":"Thaw-Induced Gelation of Alginate Hydrogels for Versatile Delivery of Therapeutics","volume":"47","author":"Hadley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-019-6318-7","article-title":"Overview of Natural Hydrogels for Regenerative Medicine Applications","volume":"30","author":"Catoira","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk, E., Stauber, T., Levinson, C., Cavalli, E., Arlov, \u00d8., and Zenobi-Wong, M. (2020). Tyrosinase-Crosslinked, Tissue Adhesive and Biomimetic Alginate Sulfate Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair. Biomed. Mater., 15.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/ab8318"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.36615","article-title":"Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using the Three-Dimensional Culture with Ultra-Purified Alginate Gel","volume":"107","author":"Hontani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2019.115551","article-title":"Promoted Chondrogenesis of hMCSs with Controlled Release of TGF-Beta3 via Microfluidics Synthesized Alginate Nanogels","volume":"229","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.04.031","article-title":"Self-Crosslinked Oxidized Alginate\/Gelatin Hydrogel as Injectable, Adhesive Biomimetic Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1682","article-title":"An Additive Manufacturing-Based PCL-Alginate-Chondrocyte Bioprinted Scaffold for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"9","author":"Kundu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kosik-Kozio\u0142, A., Costantini, M., Bolek, T., Sz\u00f6ke, K., Barbetta, A., Brinchmann, J., and \u015awi\u0119szkowski, W. (2017). PLA Short Sub-Micron Fiber Reinforcement of 3D Bioprinted Alginate Constructs for Cartilage Regeneration. Biofabrication, 9.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/aa90d7"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8277","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65050-9","article-title":"3D Bioprinting of Osteochondral Tissue Substitutes\u2013in Vitro-Chondrogenesis in Multi-Layered Mineralized Constructs","volume":"10","author":"Kilian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4343","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b22062","article-title":"Chondroinductive Alginate-Based Hydrogels Having Graphene Oxide for 3D Printed Scaffold Fabrication","volume":"12","author":"Arens","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwarz, S., Kuth, S., Distler, T., G\u00f6gele, C., St\u00f6lzel, K., Detsch, R., Boccaccini, A.R., and Schulze-Tanzil, G. (2020). 3D Printing and Characterization of Human Nasoseptal Chondrocytes Laden Dual Crosslinked Oxidized Alginate-gelatin Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair Approaches. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl., 116.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111189"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34958","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA06222H","article-title":"In situ Fabrication of an Anisotropic Double-Layer Hydrogel as a Bio-Scaffold for Repairing Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone Injuries","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.05.107","article-title":"Improved Human Islets\u2019 Viability and Functionality with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Arg-gly-asp Tripeptides Supplementation of Alginate Micro-encapsulated Islets in Vitro","volume":"528","author":"Laporte","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, H., Yin, R., Chen, X., Wu, T., Bu, Y., Yan, H., and Lin, Q. (2023). Construction and Evaluation of Alginate Dialdehyde Grafted RGD Derivatives\/Polyvinyl Alcohol\/Cellulose Nanocrystals IPN Composite Hydrogels. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28186692"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1159\/000514580","article-title":"Oxidation and RGD Modification Affect the Early Neural Differentiation of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells Cultured in Core-Shell Alginate Hydrogel Microcapsules","volume":"211","author":"Dumbleton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lertwimol, T., Sonthithai, P., Hankamolsiri, W., Kaewkong, P., and Uppanan, P. (2023). Development of Chondrocyte-Laden Alginate Hydrogels with Modulated Microstructure and Properties for Cartilage Regeneration. Biotechnol. Prog., 39.","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.3322"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2950","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34625","article-title":"Gelatin Improves Peroxidase-Mediated Alginate Hydrogel Characteristics as a Potential Injectable Hydrogel for Soft Tissue Engineering Applications","volume":"108","author":"Morshedloo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haung, S.M., Lin, Y.T., Liu, S.M., Chen, J.C., and Chen, W.C. (2021). In Vitro Evaluation of a Composite Gelatin-Hyaluronic Acid-Alginate Porous Scaffold with Different Pore Distributions for Cartilage Regeneration. Gels, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels7040165"},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"31","article-title":"Effectiveness and Utility of Hyaluronic Acid in Osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Migliore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cases Miner. Bone Metab."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.01.046","article-title":"Bio-inspired Hydrogel Composed of Hyaluronic Acid and Alginate as a Potential Bioink for 3D Bioprinting of Articular Cartilage Engineering Constructs","volume":"106","author":"Antich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, H., Xue, H., Zeng, H., Dai, M., Tang, C., and Liu, L. (2023). 3D Printed Scaffolds Based on Hyaluronic Acid Bioinks for Tissue Engineering: A Review. Biomater. Res., 27.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-023-00460-0"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.1c01141","article-title":"Multiple Crosslinking Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels with Improved Strength and 3D Printability","volume":"5","author":"Wan","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Bio. Mater."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abatangelo, G., Vindigni, V., Avruscio, G., Pandis, L., and Brun, P. (2020). Hyaluronic Acid: Redefining its Role. Cells, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9071743"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.02.024","article-title":"On The Synthesis and Characterization of Biofunctional Hyaluronic Acid Based Injectable Hydrogels for The Repair of Cartilage Lesions","volume":"114","author":"Tsanaktsidou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.155","article-title":"Visible-Light-Induced Hyaluronate Hydrogel for Soft tissue Fillers","volume":"165","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.12.056","article-title":"Cell-Mediated Injectable Blend Hydrogel-BCP Ceramic Scaffold for In Situ Condylar Osteochondral Repair","volume":"123","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34940","article-title":"In Vivo Efficacy of 3D-Printed Elastin\u2013Gelatin\u2013Hyaluronic Acid Scaffolds for Regeneration of Nasal Septal Cartilage Defects","volume":"110","author":"Shokri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, W., Fang, F., Kong, Y., Greer, S.E., Kuss, M., Liu, B., Xue, W., Jiang, X., Lovell, P., and Mohs, A.M. (2021). Dynamic Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Covalent Linked Gelatin as an Anti-oxidative Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Biofabrication, 14.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ac42de"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.02.010","article-title":"Elastin-Like Protein-Hyaluronic Acid (ELP-HA) Hydrogels with Decoupled Mechanical and Biochemical Cues for Cartilage Regeneration","volume":"127","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2883","article-title":"Optimization of Photocrosslinked Gelatin\/Hyaluronic Acid Hybrid Scaffold for the Repair of Cartilage Defect","volume":"13","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.12.004","article-title":"Growth Factor Delivery to a Cartilage-Cartilage Interface Using Platelet-Rich Concentrates on a Hyaluronic Acid Scaffold","volume":"36","author":"Titan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2014.07.008","article-title":"Influence of Cross-link Structure, Density and Mechanical Properties in the Mesoscale Deformation Mechanisms of Collagen Fibrils","volume":"52","author":"Depalle","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-019-6234-x","article-title":"Collagen-based Bioinks for Hard Tissue Engineering Applications: A Comprehensive Review","volume":"30","author":"Marques","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.32696","article-title":"Collagen Type I Hydrogel Allows Migration, Proliferation, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells","volume":"94","author":"Hesse","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34881","article-title":"Collagen-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications","volume":"109","author":"Nourbakhsh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2011.0643","article-title":"Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in a Novel Injectable Gel Can Repair Osteochondral Defects in a Rabbit Model","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2174\/157488812800793045","article-title":"Evaluation of Biological Protein-Based Collagen Scaffolds in Cartilage and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering\u2014A Systematic Review of the Literature","volume":"7","author":"Mafi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2009.0222","article-title":"Collagen Type II Enhances Chondrogenesis in Adipose Tissue\u2013Derived Stem Cells by Affecting Cell Shape","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, Z., Liu, S., Le, Y., Qin, Z., He, M., Xu, F., Zhu, Y., Zhao, J., Mao, C., and Zheng, L. (2019). An Injectable Collagen-Genipin-Carbon Dot Hydrogel Combined with Photodynamic Therapy to Enhance Chondrogenesis. Biomaterials, 218.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.05.001"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.11.013","article-title":"Fabrication of Micro\/Nanoporous Collagen\/dECM\/Silk-fibroin Biocomposite Scaffolds Using a Low Temperature 3D Printing Process for Bone Tissue Regeneration","volume":"84","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shim, J.H., Jang, K.M., Hahn, S.K., Park, J.Y., Jung, H., Oh, K., Park, K.M., Yeom, J., Park, S.H., and Kim, S.W. (2016). Three-dimensional Bioprinting of Multilayered Constructs Containing Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration in the Rabbit Knee Joint. Biofabrication, 8.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/8\/1\/014102"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Yue, H., Huang, W., Lin, X., Xie, X., He, Z., He, X., Liu, S., Bai, L., and Lu, B. (2020). Cryogenic 3D Printing of Heterogeneous Scaffolds with Gradient Mechanical Strengths and Spatial Delivery of Osteogenic Peptide\/TGF-\u03b21 for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration. Biofabrication, 12.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ab7ab5"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, Y., Xia, J., Xu, Z., Zhu, S., and Jin, M. (2022). Preparation of Chitosan\/Recombinant Human Collagen-Based Photo-Responsive Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting. Gels, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8050314"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lan, X., Ma, Z., Dimitrov, A., Kunze, M., Mulet-Sierra, A., Ansari, K., Osswald, M., Seikaly, H., Boluk, Y., and Adesida, A.B. (2024). Double Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid and Collagen as a Potential Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.132819"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.02.037","article-title":"Scaffold Composition Affects Cytoskeleton Organization, Cell-Matrix Interaction and the Cellular Fate of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Upon Chondrogenic Differentiation","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00143-1","article-title":"Cross-linked Type \u2160 and Type \u2161 Collagenous Matrices for the Repair of Full-thickness Articular Cartilage Defects\u2014A Study in Rabbits","volume":"24","author":"Buma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomatrerials"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, H.J., Kim, S.B., Somaiya, D., Noh, M.J., Choi, K.B., Lim, C.L., Lee, H.Y., Lee, Y.J., Yi, Y., and Lee, K.H. (2015). Type II Collagen and Glycosaminoglycan Expression Induction in Primary Human Chondrocyte by TGF-beta1. BMC. Musculoskelet. Disord., 16.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0599-x"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2015.10.015","article-title":"Collagen Type II Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation in Agarose-based Modular Microtissues","volume":"18","author":"Mertz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6486","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00187A","article-title":"Silkworm Silk-Based Materials and Devices Generated Using Bio-nanotechnology","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104501","article-title":"Recent Advances in Natural Polymer-based Drug Delivery Systems","volume":"148","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"React. Funct. Polym."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201402985","article-title":"Crystal Networks in Silk Fibrous Materials: From Hierarchical Structure to Ultra Performance","volume":"11","author":"Nguyen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00333","article-title":"Silk-Based Advanced Materials for Soft Electronics","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acc. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2015.09.005","article-title":"Silk Fibroin as Biomaterial for Bone Tissue Engineering","volume":"31","author":"Melke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33684","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b11644","article-title":"3D Bioprinting Using Cross-Linker-Free Silk-Gelatin Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"11","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2017.05.001","article-title":"Elucidating Role of Silk-Gelatin Bioink to Recapitulate Articular Cartilage Differentiation in 3D Bioprinted Constructs","volume":"7","author":"Chawla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioprinting"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.11.046","article-title":"Silk Based Bioinks for Soft Tissue Reconstruction Using 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing with In Vitro and in Vivo Assessments","volume":"117","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-019-6225-y","article-title":"Thermal Annealed Silk Fibroin Membranes for Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration","volume":"30","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37302","article-title":"Osteoblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix Coated PLLA\/Silk Fibroin Composite Nanofibers Promote Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells","volume":"110","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kulchar, R.J., Denzer, B.R., Chavre, B.M., Takegami, M., and Patterson, J. (2021). A Review of the Use of Microparticles for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221910292"},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, T., Chen, Y., Liu, W., Tong, K.L., Suen, C.-W.W., Huang, S., Hou, H., She, G., Zhang, H., and Zheng, X. (2020). Ginsenoside Rb1\/TGF-\u03b21 Loaded Biodegradable Silk Fibroin-Gelatin Porous Scaffolds for Inflammation Inhibition and Cartilage Regeneration. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl., 111.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.110757"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Li, Y., Liu, J., Fang, Y., Guo, W., Liu, Y., Li, X., Li, G., Wang, X., and Zheng, Z. (2022). Intraarticularly Injectable Silk Hydrogel Microspheres with Enhanced Mechanical and Structural Stability to Attenuate Osteoarthritis. Biomaterials, 286.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2022.121611"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701089","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701089","article-title":"Structurally and Functionally Optimized Silk-Fibroin\u2013Gelatin Scaffold Using 3D Printing to Repair Cartilage Injury In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"29","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, Z., Hou, M., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Tian, X., Hu, X., Ge, X., Zhao, Z., Liu, T., and Xu, Y. (2023). Incorporation of Kartogenin and Silk Fibroin Scaffolds Promotes Rat Articular Regeneration through Enhancement of Antioxidant Functions. Regen. Biomater., 10.","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbad074"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakraborty, J., Fern\u00e1ndez-P\u00e9rez, J., Van Kampen, K.A., Roy, S., ten Brink, T., Mota, C., Ghosh, S., and Moroni, L. (2023). Development of a Biomimetic Arch-like 3D Bioprinted Construct for Cartilage Regeneration Using Gelatin Methacryloyl and Silk Fibroin-gelatin Bioinks. Biofabrication, 15.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/acc68f"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, D., Li, J., Wang, C., Su, Z., Su, H., Chen, Y., and Yu, B. (2024). Injectable Silk Fibroin Peptide Nanofiber Hydrogel Composite Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration. Mater. Today Bio., 25.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2024.100962"},{"key":"ref_140","first-page":"111531","article-title":"3D-bioprinted silk fibroin-hydroxypropyl cellulose methacrylate porous scaffold with optimized performance for repairing articular cartilage defects","volume":"225","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Matr. Des."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Wu, N., Zeng, J., Liang, Z., Qi, Z., Jiang, H., Chen, H., and Liu, X. (2023). Chondrogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Induced by Decellularize Cartilage Matrix\/Silk Fibroin Secondary Crosslinking Hydrogel Scaffolds with a Three-Dimensional Microstructure. Polymers, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15081868"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reddy, M.S., Ponnamma, D., Choudhary, R., and Sadasivuni, K.K. (2021). A Comparative Review of Natural and Synthetic Biopolymer Composite Scaffolds. Polymers, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym13071105"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(01)00239-3","article-title":"Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications","volume":"54","author":"Hoffman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbz022","article-title":"Advances of Injectable Hydrogel-Based Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Regen. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5b00441","article-title":"Polymerization of Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, and Other Alkylene Oxides: Synthesis, Novel Polymer Architectures, and Bioconjugation","volume":"116","author":"Herzberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2144\/btn-2018-0083","article-title":"Recent Advances in Photo-Crosslinkable Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications","volume":"66","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19921","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c00389","article-title":"3D Bioprintable Hypoxia-Mimicking PEG-Based Nano Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"15","author":"Ravi","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37336","article-title":"3d Bioprinting of Photo-crosslinkable Silk Methacrylate (SilMA)-Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA) Bioink for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"110","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.09.037","article-title":"The Effect of Photopolymerization on Stem Cells Embedded in Hydrogels","volume":"30","author":"Fedorovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00022-4","article-title":"Chemistry for Peptide and Protein PEGylation","volume":"54","author":"Roberts","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, J.S., Choi, J., Ki, C.S., and Lee, K.H. (2021). 3D Silk Fiber Construct Embedded Dual-Layer PEG Hydrogel for Articular Cartilage Repair\u2014In vitro Assessment. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.653509"},{"key":"ref_152","first-page":"998","article-title":"Advanced Hydrogels for the Repair of Cartilage Defects and Regeneration","volume":"6","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, M., Deng, R.-H., Yuan, F.-Z., Zhang, J.-Y., Zhang, Z.-N., Chen, Y.-R., and Yu, J.-K. (2022). Immunomodulatory PEG-CRGD Hydrogels Promote Chondrogenic Differentiation of Pbmscs. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122622"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-017-2597-5","article-title":"Characteristics and Gelling Properties of Gelatin from Goat Skin as Affected by Drying Methods","volume":"54","author":"Benjakul","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1021\/bm990017d","article-title":"Structural and Rheological Properties of Methacrylamide Modified Gelatin Hydrogels","volume":"1","author":"Bogdanov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.08.045","article-title":"Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications of Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels","volume":"73","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young, A.T., White, O.C., and Daniele, M.A. (2020). Rheological Properties of Coordinated Physical Gelation and Chemical Crosslinking in Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels. Macromol. Biosci., 20.","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202000183"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2018.07.006","article-title":"Permeability Mapping of Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels","volume":"77","author":"Miri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302078","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302078","article-title":"Photo-cross-linkable, Injectable, and Highly Adhesive GelMA-glycol Chitosan Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair","volume":"12","author":"Paul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.08.013","article-title":"Cytomodulin-10 Modified GelMA Hydrogel with Kartogenin for in-Situ Osteochondral Regeneration","volume":"169","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, T., Feng, Z., He, W., Li, C., Han, S., Li, Z., and Guo, R. (2023). Novel 3D-printing Bilayer GelMA-based Hydrogel Containing BP, Beta-TCP and Exosomes for Cartilage-bone Integrated Repair. Biofabrication, 16.","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ad04fe"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.107349","article-title":"A Modular Hydrogel Bioink Containing Microsphere-Embedded Chondrocytes for 3D-Printed Multiscale Composite Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair","volume":"26","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gandini, A., and Lacerda, T.M. (2021). Monomers and Macromolecular Materials from Renewable Resources: State of the Art and Perspectives. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27010159"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, G., Zhao, M., Xu, F., Yang, B., Li, X., Meng, X., Teng, L., Sun, F., and Li, Y. (2020). Synthesis and Biological Application of Polylactic Acid. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215023"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.06.012","article-title":"Physical and Mechanical Properties of PLA, and Their Functions in Widespread Applications\u2014A Comprehensive Review","volume":"107","author":"Farah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5096","DOI":"10.1039\/c0sm01539c","article-title":"Polylactide (PLA)-Based Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Biomedical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Oh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soft Matter."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S14912","article-title":"Recent Advances in PEG-PLA Block Copolymer Nanoparticles","volume":"5","author":"Zeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.12.014","article-title":"A New Biotechnology for Articular Cartilage Repair: Subchondral Implantation of a Composite of Interconnected Porous Hydroxyapatite, Synthetic Polymer (PLA-PEG), and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (Rhbmp-2)","volume":"13","author":"Tamai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2022.122484","article-title":"The Recent Advancement in the PLGA-Based Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogel for Smart Drug Delivery","volume":"631","author":"Rahmani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c00041","article-title":"Injectable, in Situ Self-Cross-Linking, Self-Healing Poly(l-Glutamic Acid)\/Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"1296","article-title":"Effect of Xanthohumol-Loaded Anti-Inflammatory Scaffolds on Cartilage Regeneration in Goats","volume":"36","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. J. Reparative Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2022.124674","article-title":"Preparation of Well-Defined Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) by Hydrolysis of Poly(Vinyl Acetate) Synthesized by Raft Suspension Polymerization","volume":"246","author":"Hedayati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JMSM.0000046393.81449.a5","article-title":"Development of Tissue Scaffolds Using Selective Laser Sintering of Polyvinyl Alcohol\/Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite for Craniofacial and Joint Defects","volume":"15","author":"Chua","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Song, J., Wang, S., and Liu, W. (2021). PVA-based Hydrogels: Promising Candidates for Articular Cartilage Repair. Macromol. Biosci., 21.","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.202100147"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2018.11.008","article-title":"Biomaterials of PVA and PVP in Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications: Perspectives and Challenges","volume":"37","author":"Teodorescu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, C., Huang, C., Zhang, W., Ding, X., and Yang, Y. (2022). Biodegradable-Glass-Fiber Reinforced Hydrogel Composite with Enhanced Mechanical Performance and Cell Proliferation for Potential Cartilage Repair. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158717"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, H., Kang, J., Li, W., Liu, J., Xie, R., Wang, Y., Liu, S., Wang, D.-A., and Ren, L. (2017). Novel \u03b2-TCP\/PVA Bilayered Hydrogels with Considerable Physical and Bio-Functional Properties for Osteochondral Repair. Biomed. Mater., 13.","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/aa8541"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50075","DOI":"10.1002\/app.50075","article-title":"Chondrogenic Stimulation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Scaffold-based Sustained Release of Platelet-rich Plasma","volume":"138","author":"Bolandi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2022.102605","article-title":"A New Trend of Using Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) in 3D and 4D Printing Technologies: Process and Applications","volume":"301","author":"Mallakpour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/00914037.2016.1190930","article-title":"PVA-Based Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering: A Review","volume":"66","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Polym. Mater. Polym. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sionkowska, A., Gadomska, M., Musia\u0142, K., and Pi\u0105tek, J. (2020). Hyaluronic Acid as a Component of Natural Polymer Blends for Biomedical Applications: A Review. Molecules, 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184035"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2478\/intox-2013-0019","article-title":"Hyaluronan and Synovial Joint: Function, Distribution and Healing","volume":"6","author":"Tamer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2008.0329","article-title":"Morphogenetic and Regulatory Mechanisms during Developmental Chondrogenesis: New Paradigms for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"15","author":"Quintana","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part B Rev."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25326","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M403135200","article-title":"Hyaluronan Regulates Transforming Growth Factor-\u03921 Receptor Compartmentalization","volume":"279","author":"Ito","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200402138","article-title":"CD44 Modulates SMAD1 Activation in the BMP-7 Signaling Pathway","volume":"166","author":"Peterson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, M., Deng, Z., Guo, Y., and Xu, P. (2022). Designing Functional Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Mater. Today Bio, 17.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2022.100495"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.07.018","article-title":"Crosslinked Hyaluronan Scaffolds as a Biologically Active Carrier for Valvular Interstitial Cells","volume":"26","author":"Masters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.11.047","article-title":"Influence of the Degree of Methacrylation on Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Properties","volume":"29","author":"Bencherif","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34354","article-title":"Photopolymerizable Gelatin and Hyaluronic Acid for Stereolithographic 3D Bioprinting of Tissue-engineered Cartilage","volume":"107","author":"Lam","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.08.058","article-title":"Biomaterial Composition and Stiffness as Decisive Properties of 3D Bioprinted Constructs for Type II Collagen Stimulation","volume":"152","author":"Martyniak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.09.033","article-title":"A Versatile Bioink for Three-dimensional Printing of Cellular Scaffolds Based on Thermally and Photo-triggered Tandem Gelation","volume":"11","author":"Kesti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poldervaart, M.T., Goversen, B., de Ruijter, M., Abbadessa, A., Melchels, F.P., \u00d6ner, F.C., Dhert, W.J., Vermonden, T., and Alblas, J. (2017). 3D Bioprinting of Methacrylated Hyaluronic Acid (MeHA) Hydrogel with Intrinsic Osteogenicity. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177628"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2021.102415","article-title":"Recent Advancements in 3D Bioprinting Technology of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogels: Utilization in Tissue Engineering","volume":"292","author":"Mallakpour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7869","DOI":"10.1039\/D3SM00721A","article-title":"Crosslinking Strategies in Modulating Methylcellulose Hydrogel Properties","volume":"19","author":"Bonetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soft Matter."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0488(20010101)39:1<91::AID-POLB80>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Thermoreversible Gelation and Phase Separation in Aqueous Methyl Cellulose Solutions","volume":"39","author":"Takahashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0144-8617(93)90137-S","article-title":"Thermogelation of Methylcellulose. Part I: Molecular Structures and Processes","volume":"22","author":"Haque","year":"1993","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.07.035","article-title":"Mechanical and Biological Performance of Printed Alginate\/Methylcellulose\/Halloysite nanotube\/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Bio-Scaffolds","volume":"92","author":"Shabgard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2021.1895906","article-title":"Structural and Biological Investigation of Chitosan\/Hyaluronic Acid with Silanized-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose as an Injectable Reinforced Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"28","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1080\/09205063.2021.1971823","article-title":"Enhanced Efficacy of Transforming Growth Factor-beta1 Loaded an Injectable Cross-linked Thiolated Chitosan and Carboxymethyl Cellulose-based Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45018","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45018","article-title":"Bioreactor Mechanically Guided 3D Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis Using a Biocompatible Novel Thermo-Reversible Methylcellulose-Based Hydrogel","volume":"7","author":"Cochis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-018-6211-9","article-title":"Investigating the Effect of Sterilisation Methods on the Physical Properties and Cytocompatibility of Methyl Cellulose Used in Combination with Alginate for 3D-Bioplotting of Chondrocytes","volume":"30","author":"Hodder","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4246","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01852J","article-title":"Biomimetic Hydrogels Designed for Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"9","author":"Ngadimin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2014.12.037","article-title":"A Review: Fabrication of Porous Polyurethane Scaffolds","volume":"48","author":"Janik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2917","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-3773(19991004)38:19<2917::AID-ANIE2917>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"[N]-Polyurethanes: Synthesis and Characterization","volume":"38","author":"Versteegen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/00202967.2018.1450209","article-title":"Biomedical Applications of Polyurethane Materials and Coatings","volume":"96","author":"Joseph","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trans. IMF"},{"key":"ref_206","unstructured":"Thomas, S., Datta, J., Haponiuk, J., and Reghunadhan, A. (2017). Polyurethane Polymers: Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks, Elsevier Ltd."},{"key":"ref_207","unstructured":"Cooper, S.L., Guan, J., and Abraham, G.A. (2016). Advances in Polyurethane Biomaterials, Woodhead Publishing Ltd."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naureen, B., Haseeb, A.S.M.A., Basirun, W.J., and Muhamad, F. (2021). Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering Scaffold Based on Polyurethane and Modified Polyurethane. Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl., 118.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2020.111228"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.01.019","article-title":"Water-Based Polyurethane 3D Printed Scaffolds with Controlled Release Function for Customized Cartilage Tissue Engineering","volume":"83","author":"Hung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shie, M.Y., Chang, W.C., Wei, L.J., Huang, Y.H., Chen, C.H., Shih, C.T., Chen, Y.W., and Shen, Y.F. (2017). 3D Printing of Cytocompatible Water-Based Light-Cured Polyurethane with Hyaluronic Acid for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications. Materials, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma10020136"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.W., Shie, M.Y., Chang, W.C., and Shen, Y.F. (2021). Approximate Optimization Study of Light Curing Waterborne Polyurethane Materials for the Construction of 3D Printed Cytocompatible Cartilage Scaffolds. Materials, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14226804"},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00462-9","article-title":"The Use of Biodegradable Polyurethane Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Potential and Limitations","volume":"24","author":"Grad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"}],"container-title":["Gels"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/7\/430\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:06:59Z","timestamp":1760108819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/7\/430"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"references-count":212,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["gels10070430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/gels10070430","relation":{},"ISSN":["2310-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2310-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]}}}