{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T01:43:28Z","timestamp":1785548608103,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Education in the New Era\u2014Research on the Reform of Graduate Education and Teaching","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Department of Education of Anhui Province of China","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of the Anhui Provincial Department of Education","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Research and Development Project Entrusted by the Enterprise: Research on Antioxidant Biological Activity of Quercetin","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2023jyjxggyjY168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023jyjxggyjY168"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2023AH050754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023AH050754"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["KJ2019A0470"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJ2019A0470"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2021jyxm0824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021jyxm0824"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2022HZ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022HZ049"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["1608085MH227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1608085MH227"]}]},{"name":"Quality Engineering Project of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","award":["2021zlgc042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021zlgc042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can cause oxidative stress in the skin, accompanied by rapid immunosuppressive effects, resulting in a peroxidation reaction throughout the body. Curcumin (Cur), as the bioactive compound of turmeric, is a natural polyphenol with potent antioxidant properties but is often overlooked due to its poor solubility and low bioavailability. In this study, curcumin-loaded liposomes in a sodium alginate gel complex preparation were designed to improve the bioavailability of curcumin and to study its preventive effect on photodamage. Cur-loaded liposomes (Cur-L), Cur-loaded gel (Cur-G) based on an alginate matrix, and curcumin-loaded liposomes in gel (Cur-LG) were prepared, and their antioxidant effects and drug diffusion abilities were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity of Cur, Cur-L, Cur-G, and Cur-LG was also studied in a mouse model of photodamage. Cur had the highest antioxidant activity at about 4 mg\/mL. Cur-LG at this concentration showed antioxidant effects during 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) and H2O2 experiments. During the UV light damage test, Cur-LG demonstrated the ability to effectively neutralize free radicals generated as a result of lipid peroxidation in the skin, serum, and liver, thereby enhancing the overall activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). In conclusion, using Cur-LG may protect against epidermal and cellular abnormalities induced by UV irradiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels10090596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T11:36:37Z","timestamp":1726486597000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes in Gel Protect the Skin of Mice against Oxidative Stress from Photodamage Induced by UV Irradiation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yongli","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoman","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2011-0840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongmei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"6102","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation and immunology: Something new under the sun\u2014Presidential address","volume":"54","author":"Kripke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meinhardt, M., Krebs, R., Anders, A., Heinrich, U., and Tronnier, H. (2008). Wavelength-dependent penetration depths of ultraviolet radiation in human skin. J. Biomed. Opt., 13.","DOI":"10.1117\/1.2957970"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2005.02.015","article-title":"The sunburn cell: Regulation of death and survival of the keratinocyte","volume":"37","author":"Claerhout","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.405","article-title":"The Immunologic Revolution: Photoimmunology","volume":"132","author":"Ullrich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2017-03230","article-title":"How UV Light Touches the Brain and Endocrine System Through Skin, and Why","volume":"159","author":"Slominski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.6b04815","article-title":"Physical and Chemical Stability of Curcumin in Aqueous Solutions and Emulsions: Impact of pH, Temperature, and Molecular Environment","volume":"65","author":"Kharat","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.02.006","article-title":"Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation limits diet-induced weight gain, increases liver triglycerides and prevents the early signs of cardiovascular disease in mice","volume":"29","author":"Ferguson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2014.10.042","article-title":"Alginate\/sodium caseinate aqueous-core capsules: A pH-responsive matrix","volume":"440","author":"Jacquot","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013837","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013837","article-title":"Does Incident Solar Ultraviolet Radiation Lower Blood Pressure?","volume":"9","author":"Weller","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"401","article-title":"Bioactive hydrogels for bone regeneration","volume":"3","author":"Bai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2310614","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202310614","article-title":"Engineering Innervated Musculoskeletal Tissues for Regenerative Orthopedics and Disease Modeling","volume":"20","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.80615","article-title":"Recent advances in GelMA hydrogel transplantation for musculoskeletal disorders and related disease treatment","volume":"13","author":"Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.195","article-title":"Preparation of polyelectrolyte complex gel of sodium alginate with chitosan using basic solution of chitosan","volume":"126","author":"Komoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.110.004044","article-title":"The Molecular Basis for the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Curcumin and Its Metabolites in Relation to Cancers","volume":"66","author":"Heger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.06.044","article-title":"Controlling alginate gel degradation utilizing partial oxidation and bimodal molecular weight distribution","volume":"26","author":"Boontheekul","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.5530\/ijper.56.1.29","article-title":"Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Curcumin and Quercetin in Bulk Mixture","volume":"56","author":"Patil","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2020.06.014","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with curcumin-loaded nanocapsules in lambs: Nanotechnology as a new tool for nutrition","volume":"7","author":"Marcon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153706","article-title":"Combination of curcumin with N-n-butyl haloperidol iodide inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma malignant proliferation by downregulating enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)\u2014lncRNA H19 to silence Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling","volume":"91","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.69.2326","article-title":"Vialinin A, a novel 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenger from an edible mushroom in China","volume":"69","author":"Xie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03413.x","article-title":"The impact of the pH value on skin integrity and cutaneous wound healing","volume":"24","author":"Schreml","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.08.010","article-title":"Curcumin inhibits NF-\u03baB activation and reduces the severity of experimental steatohepatitis in mice","volume":"41","author":"Leclercq","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.03.049","article-title":"Liposome surface charge influence on skin penetration behaviour","volume":"411","author":"Gillet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.11.005","article-title":"The cross-talk between electrophiles, antioxidant defence and the endocannabinoid system in fibroblasts and keratinocytes after UVA and UVB irradiation","volume":"81","author":"Gegotek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, L., Lee, H., Liu, Z., and Lee, D.-S. (2023). Anti-Skin Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Effects of the Neoflavonoid Latifolin Isolated from Dalbergia odorifera in HaCaT and BJ-5ta Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087371"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8982","DOI":"10.1021\/jo051474p","article-title":"Abnormal solvent effects on hydrogen atom abstraction. 3. Novel kinetics in sequential proton loss electron transfer chemistry","volume":"70","author":"Litwinienko","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12465094","article-title":"Epidermal changes in human skin following irradiation with either UVB or UVA","volume":"88","author":"Pearse","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.11.1437","article-title":"Differential effects of photoaging vs intrinsic aging on the vascularization of human skin","volume":"138","author":"Chung","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06368.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet B irradiation of human skin induces an angiogenic switch that is mediated by upregulation of vascular endothetiat growth factor and by downregulation of thrombospondin-1","volume":"152","author":"Yano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.11.011","article-title":"Splenomegaly: Pathophysiological bases and therapeutic options","volume":"94","author":"McKenzie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7827(93)90006-I","article-title":"Free radical-lipid interactions and their pathological consequences","volume":"32","author":"Burdon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600740903","article-title":"Liposome-collagen gel matrix: A novel sustained drug delivery system","volume":"74","author":"Weiner","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.22.846","article-title":"Effects of secretable SOD delivered by genetically modified cells on xanthine\/xanthine oxidase and paraquat-induced cytotoxicity in vitro","volume":"22","author":"Komada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kotha, R.R., and Luthria, D.L. (2019). Curcumin: Biological, Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Analytical Aspects. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24162930"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.1999.1.4-537","article-title":"Free radical scavenging activity in the nonenzymatic fraction of human saliva: A simple DPPH assay showing the effect of physical exercise","volume":"1","author":"Atsumi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.5530\/ijper.54.4.204","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of 1, 3-\u03b2-glucan-curcumin mixing (Bioglucur) on Alzheimer Disease Induced in Mice by Aluminium Toxicity","volume":"54","author":"Amari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.27","article-title":"UVA Irradiation of Human Skin Vasodilates Arterial Vasculature and Lowers Blood Pressure Independently of Nitric Oxide Synthase","volume":"134","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2011.11006","article-title":"UVB-Induced Erythema and Lethery Skin Production","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/08982100600848769","article-title":"Pros and cons of the liposome platform in cancer drug targeting","volume":"16","author":"Gabizon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Liposome Res."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.118434","article-title":"Curcumin-incorporated crosslinked sodium alginate-g-poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) thermo-responsive hydrogel as an in-situ forming injectable dressing for wound healing: In vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation","volume":"271","author":"Zakerikhoob","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19491","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c09593","article-title":"Photothermal Hydrogel Encapsulating Intelligently Bacteria-Capturing Bio-MOF for Infectious Wound Healing","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acs Nano"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.5530\/001954642087","article-title":"Berberine Hydrochloride-loaded Liposomes Gel: Preparation, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity","volume":"57","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharm. Educ. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2021.117779","article-title":"Tunable porosity of covalently crosslinked alginate-based hydrogels and its significance in drug release behavior","volume":"260","author":"Siboro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8765","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b03839","article-title":"Use and Abuse of the DPPH\u2022 Radical","volume":"63","author":"Foti","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131262","article-title":"The impact of pH on mechanical properties, storage stability and digestion of alginate-based and soy protein isolate-stabilized emulsion gel beads with encapsulated lycopene","volume":"372","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13250","article-title":"Use of concentrate growth factors gel or membrane in chronic wound healing: Description of 18 cases","volume":"17","author":"Kao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2001.00334.x","article-title":"Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in breast and lung cancer patients","volume":"26","author":"Gonenc","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharm. Ther."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.4155\/tde-2019-0066","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities of pH in chronic wounds","volume":"10","author":"Wallace","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Deliv."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.151419","article-title":"A multifunctional conductive organohydrogel as a flexible sensor for synchronous real-time monitoring of traumatic wounds and pro-healing process","volume":"489","author":"Si","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.04.052","article-title":"Drug release characteristics from chitosan-alginate matrix tablets based on the theory of self-assembled film","volume":"450","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.178806","article-title":"Autoxidative and Cyclooxygenase-2 Catalyzed Transformation of the Dietary Chemopreventive Agent Curcumin","volume":"286","author":"Griesser","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01041928","article-title":"Studies on curcumin and curcuminoids. VIII. Photochemical stability of curcumin","volume":"183","author":"Tonnesen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Z. Lebensm.-Unters.-Forsch."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-009-0014-0","article-title":"Sustained Release of Multiple Growth Factors from Injectable Polymeric System as a Novel Therapeutic Approach Towards Angiogenesis","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(79)70018-1","article-title":"Photoprotection by melanin\u2014A comparison of black and Caucasian skin","volume":"1","author":"Kaidbey","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12696708","article-title":"Inhibition of the induction of contact hypersensitivity by a UV-mediated epidermal cytokine","volume":"87","author":"Schwarz","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.04.018","article-title":"Curcumin effectively inhibits oncogenic NF-\u03baB signaling and restrains stemness features in liver cancer","volume":"63","author":"Marquardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, C., Xia, Y., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., Xia, H., Wang, Y., Yue, Y., Wu, Y., Cheng, X., and Xu, Y. (2022). Ligustrazine as an Extract from Medicinal and Edible Plant Chuanxiong Encapsulated in Liposome-Hydrogel Exerting Antioxidant Effect on Preventing Skin Photoaging. Polymers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14214778"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Y., Wang, M., Li, Y., Xia, H., Cheng, Y., Liu, C., Xia, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Y., and Cheng, X. (2022). The Fabrication of Docetaxel-Containing Emulsion for Drug Release Kinetics and Lipid Peroxidation. Pharmaceutics, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14101993"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S391812","article-title":"Preparation of Cod Skin Collagen Peptides\/Chitosan-Based Temperature-Sensitive Gel and Its Anti-Photoaging Effect in Skin","volume":"17","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."}],"container-title":["Gels"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/9\/596\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:57:32Z","timestamp":1760111852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2310-2861\/10\/9\/596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["gels10090596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/gels10090596","relation":{},"ISSN":["2310-2861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2310-2861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]]}}}