{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T13:51:52Z","timestamp":1790344312398,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hydrogels are hydrophilic, soft polymer networks with high water content and mechanical properties that are tunable; they are also biocompatible. Therefore, as biomaterials, they are of interest to modern medicine. In this review, the main applications of hydrogels in essential clinical applications are discussed. Chemical, physical, or hybrid crosslinking of either synthetic or natural polymers allow for the precise control of hydrogels\u2019 physicochemical properties and their specific characteristics for certain applications, such as stimuli-responsiveness, drug retention and release, and biodegradability. Hydrogels are employed in gynecology to regenerate the endometrium, treat infections, and prevent pregnancy. They show promise in cardiology in myocardial infarction therapy through injectable scaffolds, patches in the heart, and medication delivery. In rheumatoid arthritis, hydrogels act as drug delivery systems, lubricants, scaffolds, and immunomodulators, ensuring effective local treatment. They are being developed, among other applications, as antimicrobial coatings for stents and radiotherapy barriers for urology. Ophthalmology benefits from the use of hydrogels in contact lenses, corneal bandages, and vitreous implants. They are used as materials for chemoembolization, tumor models, and drug delivery devices in cancer therapy, with wafers of Gliadel presently used in clinics. Applications in abdominal surgery include hydrogel-coated meshes for hernia repair or Janus-type hydrogels to prevent adhesions and aid tissue repair. Results from clinical and preclinical studies illustrate hydrogels\u2019 diversity, though problems remain with mechanical stability, long-term safety, and mass production. Hydrogels are, in general, next-generation biomaterials for regenerative medicine, individualized treatment, and new treatment protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11100798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T07:57:27Z","timestamp":1759478247000},"page":"798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Innovative Applications of Hydrogels in Contemporary Medicine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Maciej","family":"Rybicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9639-9857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Czajkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0158-8066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Grochowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"Bia\u0142as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6026-7177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Dziatosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6778-0887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Karolczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3667-3228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Kot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Students\u2019 Scientific Association at the Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rados\u0142aw Aleksander","family":"Wach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Wr\u00f3blewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0962-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol Kamil","family":"K\u0142osi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"},{"name":"Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Narutowicza 60, 90-136 \u0141\u00f3d\u017a, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"466","article-title":"Das Hydrogel und das krystallinische Hydrat des Kupferoxyds","volume":"5","year":"2004","journal-title":"Z. 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